rowid,hash_id,code,kind,repeat,desc,narrative
1,c14125ba5346e5c4,3.125(a),,0,"FACILITIES, GENERAL.","At the south farm, a goat was observed to jump up onto the ledge of the concrete foundation and move from pen 4
over to pen 5 and then back to pen 4 again. There was a panel up on the ledge in place to prevent this, however
the goat could pass between the vertical supports of the panel. Also, the panel had some free ends of wire that if
bent out could become sharp points exposed to any goat that climbs up on the concrete ledge. Lack of proper
containment and exposure to sharp points could lead to injury or other adverse events. The facility must ensure
that enclosures are structurally sound and maintained in good repair to contain the animals and protect them from
injury.
Correct by October 5, 2016.
This inspection and exit interview were conducted with facility representatives on 9/26 thru 9/27/2016."
2,090414fb43ad755a,2.33(b)(2),,0,ATTENDING VETERINARIAN AND ADEQUATE VETERINARY CARE.,"Two bottles of Heparin (one partially used, one unopened) and one partially used tube of Puralube eye lubrication
ointment were found in room 140 at ATRC building that were expired (06/2017 and 05/2016 respectively). In the
refrigerator in the Stallion Barn lab area, a syringe containing a white liquid was unlabeled and undated. Liquids in
unlabeled syringes are not identifiable and may be incorrectly administrated or improperly used. Expired
medications may have compromised efficacy and potency. Use of unlabeled medication or expired drugs may be
harmful or lead to untowards effects or inadequate treatment. The facility needs to ensure that medications are
stored and labeled properly and are not being used past their expiration date. Corrected at time of inspection.
This inspection and exit interview were conducted with facility representatives.
Additional Inspectors
Secor Thomas, Veterinary Medical Officer"
3,553396bb9bd960ea,2.33(b)(2),,0,ATTENDING VETERINARIAN AND ADEQUATE VETERINARY CARE.,"One expired bottle of Isoflourane (expiration date 20 Aug 2014) was found on a shelf in the procedure room. The
procedure utilizing this anesthetic agent had been removed from the protocol in May 2017. Expired medications
may have compromised efficacy and potency and use of such does not constitute adequate veterinary care. The
institution needs to ensure that medications are not being used past their expiration date. Expired bottle was
disposed of at the end of the inspection.
This inspection and exit interview were conducted with facility representative."
4,6f536be1f760dfb6,3.125(a),Critical,0,"Facilities, general.","According to facility observational and/or health records, three adult woodrats escaped their primary enclosures. Facility
representatives confirmed the animals escaped by chewing through the plastic. Animals #1325, #1302 and #1201 each
escaped from their primary enclosures and into the holding room: #1201 escaped on 11/26/2022 and again on
12/02/2022; #1325 escaped on 03/11/2022, 04/24/2023, 06/04/2023 and 07/27/2023; #1302 escaped on 09/11/2022,
10/14/2022 and 01/14/2023. Although all animals were recovered following escape, the woodrat health record states that,
on 09/11/2022, a woodrat (#1302 ""Maddie,"" a desert woodrat) “injured feet during escape.” The inspector witnessed
eleven woodrat enclosures in active use that were patched by tape and/or plastic at the time of inspection.
Enclosures that are damaged and have weak points or holes, and/or rough or sharp edges (including such as are
produced from chewing) could continue to result in animal escapes and injuries. The registrant must ensure that housing
is constructed of such material and of such strength as appropriate for the animals involved, and that it is structurally
sound and maintained in good repair to protect the animals from injury and contain the animals.
TO BE CORRECTED BY 10/27/2023
This inspection and exit interview were conducted with facility representatives.
n"
5,d8fb5331fdf6ef92,2.32(a),,0,PERSONNEL QUALIFICATIONS.,"In August 2015, a cynomolgus macaque placed under anesthesia for a study procedure was observed to have a
low body temperature. In order to normalize the animal's core temperature during the procedure, a staff member
was directed by a veterinarian to use a hot air source; however, the nozzle of this hot air source was inappropriately
placed in a location which subsequently led to thermal injuries and later, euthanasia.
It is the responsibility of the research facility to ensure that all scientists, research technicians, animal technicians,
and other personnel involved in animal care, treatment, and use are qualified to perform necessary or directed
duties. This responsibility shall be fulfilled in part through the provision of training and appropriate instruction to
those personnel.
Corrective measures were taken, including but not limited to, retraining of all involved staff and observation of
techniques by veterinary staff.
This item has been corrected by the facility."
6,d8fb5331fdf6ef92,2.33(b)(2),,0,ATTENDING VETERINARIAN AND ADEQUATE VETERINARY CARE.,"Review of facility records for a cynomolgus macaque which was euthanized in August 2015 due to complications
resulting from an approved procedure indicate that the animal did not receive adequate veterinary care during this
procedure.
According to anesthesia records, there was a period of over 30 minutes in which no temperature was recorded
while the animal was under anesthesia for this procedure. This is contrary to the approved protocol which states
that a rectal temperature will be continuously monitored under anesthesia. By monitoring the temperature at more
frequent intervals, changes in temperature may be identified and addressed sooner. Records indicate that the
warming blanket used to maintain body temperature during anesthesia had not been turned on by the veterinary
team. Subsequently, the veterinarian authorized the use of a hot air source in an attempt to raise the animal(cid:25)'s body
temperature; however the source was inappropriately placed by a staff member and led to thermal injuries to the
animal.
A review of this adverse event indicates that although a clinical veterinarian was present during the procedure, there
was a failure of appropriate communication and oversight. The result led to the inappropriate placement of a hot air
source by an individual staff member and subsequent animal injury severe enough that euthanasia was warranted.
Failure to provide animals with appropriate methods of veterinary care and oversight during approved procedures
may cause unnecessary pain and distress to the animal.
Each research facility shall establish and maintain programs of adequate veterinary care that include the availability
and use of appropriate methods to prevent, control, diagnose, and treat diseases and injuries to the animals.
The research facility acted promptly to address this incident by conducting a thorough investigation, self-reporting
the incident, and swiftly implementing appropriate corrective actions to prevent future occurrences. Corrective
actions provided retraining of all personnel involved in the procedure including monitoring associated with this
protocol.
This item has been corrected by the facility.
This inspection was conducted on 04/26/2016 and 04/27/2016.
Exit interview was conducted with a facility representative."
7,fb128efc8314b08d,2.33(a)(2),Critical,0,ATTENDING VETERINARIAN AND ADEQUATE VETERINARY CARE.,"A review of facility records for the marmoset (microchip # 004-004-103) which died on 23 Dec 2015 following a
procedure performed on 21 Dec 2015 found that the PI did not follow the approved protocol in regards to IV catheter
placement and IV fluid support as well as amounts and routes of anesthetic and paralytic drugs used during the
procedure. The PI did not follow the instructions of the veterinarian and the procedure continued 10 hours rather
than the veterinarian recommended 2-3 hours. The animal subsequently died ~33 hours post procedure.
The research facility must ensure that the attending veterinarian has the appropriate authority to ensure adequate
veterinary care is provided and to oversee the adequacy of other aspects of animal care and use. Failure to follow
approved protocols and veterinary recommendations can result in outcomes such as occurred with this animal.
Prior to the inspection, changes to the protocol were made to incorporate corrective measures, and new procedures
were put in place to prevent a recurrence.
This inspection and exit interview were conducted with facility representatives.
Additional Inspectors
Secor Thomas, Veterinary Medical Officer"
8,ef7e9038e7df48d1,2.31(e)(3),,0,INSTITUTIONAL ANIMAL CARE AND USE COMMITTEE (IACUC).,"A protocol involving sheep that was approved by the IACUC did not completely list all procedures that were
performed and potential side effects of the pulmonary function tests. These tests were performed 20 times on 13
lambs from January to April 2017.
Failure to include all procedures and potential side effects does not allow the IACUC to undertake a complete and
thorough review of animal use to ensure humane care and use of animals.
The protocol was amended and has since been been renewed and approved by the IACUC to include all testing
procedures, potential side effects and steps to take to reduce risk and manage/treat side effects.
Corrected prior to the inspection.
This inspection and exit interview were conducted with facility representatives on 5/24/18.
Additional Inspectors
Schnell Michael, Veterinary Medical Officer"
9,61d5113bec34534f,3.80(a)(2)(ii),Critical,0,Primary enclosures.,"Two marmosets (male 601 858 271, female 844 827 014), were found dead entrapped in their nest box on August 12,
2020 at 8:04 am during the morning observation . At some point after the afternoon observation at 2:38 pm on August 11,
the 2 animals entered their nest box in their home cage and the door to the nest box closed so they could not get out.
The animals were entrapped in the box for ~18 hours. The cause of death was overheating and distress.
Primary enclosures must be constructed and maintained so that they protect the nonhuman primate from injury and harm.
All the doors on the nest boxes in marmoset caging were removed prior to inspection. Corrected prior to inspection."
10,61d5113bec34534f,2.33(b)(5),Critical,0,Attending veterinarian and adequate veterinary care.,"Several incidents of deaths/illness due to anesthetic procedures have occurred in the marmosets.
1)On September 10, 2019 , a male Marmoset (844 835 601) underwent a 6 hour surgical procedure. Multiple I.V.
catheterization attempts were made prior to successful placement with visible bruising at the saphenous catheter site and
lateral thigh muscle. One massage of hind limbs was recorded during the surgery. Upon recovery it was noted that his
left rear leg was swollen and he was dragging it and lacked a pain response. The PI and the on-call veterinarian were
notified within one hour of extubation and the veterinarian was to check on him in the am. On 9/11/2019, the marmoset
was found dead at the first check in the morning at ~ 8 am. Deep vein thrombosis was confirmed at necropsy.
2)On January 29, 2020, a male Marmoset(844 837 257) was anesthetized and the technician remembered that he was
particularly difficult to intubate. During recovery an increased respiratory rate was noted and the animal developed
respiratory difficulties resulting in euthanasia on 2/1/2020. Necropsy revealed acute laryngitis/pharyngitis due to trauma
of intubation as cause of death. A marmoset (844 840 303) who had surgery 10/23/2019 also showed respiratory
difficulty after recovery from surgery which gradually resolved.
Procedures like intubation, anesthesia support, and I.V. catheterization when not performed adequately can cause harm,
injury and death to the animals.
Equipment utilized and care delivered including intubation and catheterization before, during and after procedures must
be in accordance with current established veterinary medical and nursing procedures.
Corrected prior to inspections."
11,61d5113bec34534f,2.31(e)(3),,1,Institutional Animal Care and Use Committee (IACUC).,"On January 17, 2020, Eight (8) rabbits (ID 20-101,-102,-103,-104,-105,-106,-109,-110) underwent a 2nd surgery to
implant a supplemental lens after a first surgery was conducted 14 days earlier. The second surgery was not included in
the IACUC approved protocol.
All proposed and approved animal use activities must include a complete description of the proposed use of the animals.
Incomplete descriptions of all procedures do not allow the IACUC to fully assess the protocol to ensure the safe and
humane use of the animals. The protocol was amended and the renewal includes the second surgery. Corrected by the
time of inspection.
This inspection and exit interview were conducted with facility representatives.
End Section"
12,f189a89a4b3a254c,2.33(b)(2),,0,ATTENDING VETERINARIAN AND ADEQUATE VETERINARY CARE.,"**Several expired medications were found in the Vet Med Dept lock box during inspection. The following expired
medications were noted:
-Euthasol solution, Lot #3861, expiration 1/2016, 2 vials
-Euthasol solution, Lot #E0153, expiration 7/2016, 1 vial
**Expired medications should not be used in the treatment of regulated animals. Expired medications should be
either clearly labeled as expired or disposed of in a proper manner. It is the responsibility of the IACUC to ensure
that the methods utilized in the prevention and treatment of diseases and/or injuries are in accordance with
established standard veterinary practices and the regulatory requirements of the Animal Welfare Act.
CORRECTION:IMMEDIATELY
THE INSPECTION AND EXIT BRIEFING WAS CONDUCTED WITH FACILITY REPRESENTATIVES."
13,807f4d02f5bf64ea,2.31(d)(1)(2),,0,INSTITUTIONAL ANIMAL CARE AND USE COMMITTEE (IACUC).,"Two IACUC approved protocols did not have an alternative search for procedures that would cause more than
momentary or slight pain and distress to the animals.
**08092013EH00009-02 involving pika was designated as a ""Category D"" which includes procedures for which
analgesia, sedation, tranquilization, and/or anesthesia are provided to relieve anticipated pain and/or distress.
There was no search for alternatives for the procedures for which anesthesia was to be used in the animals.
**20150205SF00139-01 involving sheep had a search for alternatives to painful and/or distressful procedures that
had the keywords ""indwelling catheters and alternatives"". Other procedures proposed (blood pressure
manipulations) would be potentially painful and distressful but no search for alternatives to these methods were
made by the principal investigator.
Alternatives to procedures that may cause more than momentary or slight pain or distress to the animals must be
considered by the principal investigator to ensure that animals are being used in research in the most humane
manner to meet scientific goals. Whether alternatives exist or can be used by the principal investigator is not the
deciding factor in conducting an appropriate search.
The IACUC's review of activities involving animals shall ensure that the principal investigator has considered
alternatives to procedures that may cause more than momentary or slight pain or distress to the animals, and has
provided a written narrative description of the methods and sources, e. g., the Animal Welfare Information Center,
used to determine that alternatives were not available.
To be corrected by 5/31/2015.
Inspection and exit interview conducted with facility representatives and AC VMO, Tracy Thompson, DVM."
14,4e9ff799b13bb3da,3.125(c),,0,"FACILITIES, GENERAL.","The bales of hay being fed to 66 ewes and 65 lambs are being stored outside, with no protection from the elements.
At the time of inspection, there was an opened bale of hay that was being fed to these sheep. There were several
moldy portions of hay within this bale and an entire side of the bale was bleached in color and covered with mud
and debris.
Uncovered or improperly stored food can become contaminated by insects, vermin, bacteria, or mold. Ingestion of
this contaminated food can lead to animal illness or disease. Supplies of food and bedding shall be stored in
facilities which adequately protect such supplies against deterioration, molding, or contamination by vermin.
To be corrected by: September 14, 2017
This inspection was conducted with the attending veterinarian and the exit interview was conducted with the
attending veterinarian, associate vice president, and two facility staff."
15,c804b1dbf05a57d4,2.33(b)(3),Critical,0,ATTENDING VETERINARIAN AND ADEQUATE VETERINARY CARE.,"***Facility personnel did not perform adequate daily observations of two sheep, ID #7070 and #8020, by failing to
communicate their health conditions to the attending veterinarian.
Written daily observations provided by the facility indicate that on 06/03/18 sheep #8020 “had no interest in food.”
On 06/09/18, sheep #8020 “wasn’t eating and was laying down.” On 06/10/18 he was treated for urinary calculi,
however a facility representative stated that the sheep had not been examined by or diagnosed by a veterinarian.
On 06/11/18, he was observed to be down and ""didn't get up this morning."" At the 1PM observation later that day,
records indicate that “8020 died due to complications from urinary calculi.”
Written daily observations provided by the facility indicate that from 06/04/18-06/25/18, ewe #7070 had been
vomiting almost on a daily basis. A facility representative informed the APHIS inspector that he had been feeding
her alfalfa pellets separately from the herd, as she was very thin and her teeth were worn down. He stated that she
had not been seen by a veterinarian recently. On inspection, APHIS inspector observed that ewe #7070 was thin,
and her spine and hip bones were protruding. The attending veterinarian stated that neither he nor the other
veterinarian on staff had examined either of these sheep.
Adequate daily observation of all animals and direct communication with the attending veterinarian is critical to
ensure that conditions that can adversely affect health and well-being can be diagnosed and treated in a timely
manner. Injuries, diseases, and medical conditions that are not treated properly (as directed by a veterinarian) may
be worsened and can lead to prolonged suffering.
Each research facility shall establish and maintain programs of adequate veterinary care that include daily
observations of all animals to assess their health and well-being; provided, however, that daily observation of
animals may be accomplished by someone other than the attending veterinarian; and provided further, that a
mechanism of direct and frequent communication is required so that timely and accurate information on problems of
animal health, behavior, and well-being is conveyed to the attending veterinarian.
To be corrected from this date forward.
This inspection and exit interview were conducted with facility representatives."
16,7bcc0ef46966beef,2.31(c)(6),,0,INSTITUTIONAL ANIMAL CARE AND USE COMMITTEE (IACUC).,"When inspecting sheep enrolled in several IACUC approved protocols studying the effects of maternal obesity on
offspring, the inspector observed juvenile ewes being checked for puberty. The puberty checking is performed by
housing the ewes with vasectomized rams that wear a dye marker on their chest. The dye marker puts a visible
mark on the ewes' backs when the vasectomized rams mount the ewes in an effort to breed. This procedure is not
described in any IACUC approved animal use protocols. Upon request by the inspector, the Director of Research
Integrity and Compliance corresponded by email with a representative of the laboratory group of the principal
investigator responsible for this activity. The representative confirmed that the puberty checking was being
performed on these animals for regulated, research purposes. The representative also confirmed that they had not
requested approval by the IACUC for this activity. If activities involving the care and use of animals at the facility are
not reviewed and approved by the IACUC, then the IACUC is unable to ensure that those activities comply with the
regulations and do not jeopardize the welfare of the animals. The IACUC shall review and approve, require
modifications in (to secure approval), or withhold approval of those components of proposed activities related to the
care and use of animals. The principal investigators must obtain IACUC approval before conducting any regulated
animal care and use activity.
CORRECT BY: Immediately
This inspection was conducted on 18 December 2018 with facility representatives, and this exit interview was
conducted on 19 December 2018 with Director of Research Integrity and Compliance."
17,ed2ddcb8cccd19da,3.125(a),,0,"FACILITIES, GENERAL.","In the enclosure housing 8 sheep at the Multipurpose Building, there was a wooden shelter with a broken side. The
broken edges were jagged and there were protruding wires with sharp points. These jagged edges and wires could
cause injury to the sheep living in this enclosure. All housing facilities shall be structurally sound and maintained in
good repair to protect the animals from injury.
TO BE CORRECTED BY 28 AUGUST 2020."
18,ed2ddcb8cccd19da,3.130,,0,WATERING.,"In the enclosure housing 8 sheep at the Multipurpose Building, there were dirty water receptacles. The inside walls
of the water receptacles were coated in a green brown material and there was a layer of sediment along the bottom.
This sediment appeared to consist of dirt, feed, grass, and other debris. These two receptacles were the only
access to water in the enclosure. Dirty water receptacles can lead to disease or contamination. All water
receptacles must kept clean and sanitary.
TO BE CORRECTED BY 28 AUGUST 2020."
19,ed2ddcb8cccd19da,3.131(c),,0,SANITATION.,"At the Red Buttes animal facility, an enclosure housing chipmunks had a large amount of overgrown vegetation
surrounding the enclosure. On two sides of the enclosure, the vegetation completely obscured the enclosure walls
from the outside. In order to see into the enclosure, the inspector had to stand on a gate due to the height and
density of the weeds. This amount of overgrowth does not allow for proper visualization of the enclosure walls to
ensure that it is in good repair nor does it allow easy visualization of the animals within the enclosure. Overgrown
vegetation can also be an area for pests or predators to live in, which could lead to disease or injury of the
chipmunks within. The premises must be kept clear of weeds and in good repair in order to protect the animals from
injury and to facilitate proper husbandry practices.
TO BE CORRECTED BY 28 AUGUST 2020.
This inspection was conducted on 8/18/2020 and the exit interview was conducted on 8/19/2020 with facility
representatives."
20,8899aa815836b844,3.125(a),Critical,1,"Facilities, general.","On August 6, 2021, facility staff discovered evidence that six chipmunks had been predated by a raccoon that entered
their enclosure. Following the incident, facility staff added additional wire mesh to cover any potential entrances.
Approximately two weeks later, the raccoon was trapped by facility staff and relocated. There have been no further cases
of predation.
Failure to provide an enclosure that protects the animals from predation can lead to injury or death of the animals. The
outdoor housing facilities for the chipmunks must be structurally sound and constructed in a way that protects the animals
within from injury. A corrective plan with a reasonable timeline for completion must be developed and initiated.
This inspection and exit interview were conducted with facility representatives.
End Section"
21,1a9390fd28b3060a,2.33(b)(2),,1,ATTENDING VETERINARIAN AND ADEQUATE VETERINARY CARE.,"Several expired or improperly labeled medications were found during the inspection:
**A box of Bordetella bronchiseptica Intranasal vaccines, which expired 05 Aug 2013, were found in the refrigerator
with the current supply of vaccines and other refrigerated medications.
**A syringe that had been labeled with pen with what appeared to be ""Buprenorphine"" didn't have an expiration date
or was so difficult to read that it could not be determined.
**Two bottles of hydrogen peroxide were found to be expired as of 08/2014.
**A bottle of injectable Banamine (exp. 7/2014) was comingled with current medications in the lock box in the large
animal barn and the Drug Expiration Monthly Check Form on this box showed it checked by a veterinarian on
8/21/14 and 9/2/14.
**The refrigerated drug supply in the large animal barn had an unlabeled syringe with a pink fluid, a box of Tetanus
Antitoxin vials that expired 15 Jul 2014, Intervet Equine Vaccination vial (exp. 15 Aug 2014), and 2 vials of Tetanus
Toxoid (1 exp. 23 Aug 14, 1 exp 19 Jul 14). The Drug Expiration Monthly Check Form for this refrigerator had not
been marked as being checked since 5/14.
The facility has a program to check drug stores for medical materials that are expired to remove them from current
drug storage but does not appear to be adequate to detect and remove expired medical materials from drug
storage areas to prevent their use which would not be an appropriate method to prevent, control, and treat diseases
and injuries since the expected results cannot be guaranteed and the animals may experience pain and distress
due to mistreatment, unrelieved symptoms, or due to unexpected side effects.
Each research facility shall establish and maintain programs of adequate veterinary care that include:
the use of appropriate methods to prevent, control, diagnose, and treat diseases and injuries."
22,1a9390fd28b3060a,2.33(b)(3),,0,ATTENDING VETERINARIAN AND ADEQUATE VETERINARY CARE.,"A 5 month old kitten named Pebbles, ID# 83-4-395, had been diagnosed with a broken leg on 9/6/2014. A
diagnosis of a proximal tibial fracture near the growth plate was made and pain medications were given under the
direction of a Veterinary Instructor at the time of diagnosis. The kitten had been separated from her enclosure
mates and was on ""cage rest"" in a hospital that had no elevated resting platform as required under the housing
standards (3.6 (b)(4)). No documentation had been made at the time of this inspection on 9/10/2014 regarding a
plan for management or treatment of this kitten which should have included directions from a veterinarian regarding
housing enclosure restrictions, pain management duration, and plan for re-evaluation to determine course of healing
and use in teaching activities. The pain medication had been changed on 9/5/2014 but it could not be determined if
this was directed by a veterinarian as the treatment sheet was signed only by the Program Co-Directors. The
Program Co-Director had requested documentation from the Attending Veterinarian and other Veterinary Instructors
involved in the evaluation of this kitten but nothing was available at the time of this inspection. The electronic
medical records have been updated as of 9/11/2014 to reflect veterinary input but this was not documented at the
time of the inspection.
In order to ensure that animal's requiring veterinary care are receiving appropriate and timely treatment, especially
in the case of painful conditions like a bone fracture, records documenting the diagnosis and treatment plan, which
includes any specific needs to reduce pain and prevent further injury, shall be created, updated, and maintained so
APHIS and any other personnel involved in the care for these animal's can know what is being done and what the
expectations are for recovery and/or follow-up care.
A mechanism of direct and frequent communication is required so that timely and accurate information on problems
of animal health, behavior, and well-being is conveyed to the attending veterinarian.
To be corrected by 9/16/2014."
23,1a9390fd28b3060a,3.6(a)(2)(10),Direct,0,PRIMARY ENCLOSURES.,"A Basenji-mix dog named Hudson, ID# 982000362183995, was noted by the APHIS AC VMO to be holding his left
hind foot up while in his primary enclosure. The dog was removed from the enclosure for examination and the left
hind foot was found to be swollen and pink when compared to the right hind foot. The dog would bear weight on the
foot but frequently held it up in the air and seemed tender when the foot was touched. No one had noted this
problem before the APHIS AC VMO had identified the problem. The slatted floor in the primary enclosure had gaps
that were wide enough to allow the toes of this dog and another adjacent Boston terrier dog's toes to pass down into
the gaps, posing a risk of injury to the toes and feet.
The facility does have rubber mats that can be placed in the primary enclosures to protect the dog's feet but had not
put mats in these two enclosures. Hudson's left hind foot appears to have been injured by the gaps in the slatted
floor.
Primary enclosures must be constructed and maintained so that they:have floors that are constructed in a manner
that protects the dogs' and cats' feet and legs from injury, and that, if of mesh or slatted construction, do not allow
the dogs' and cats' feet to pass through any openings in the floor.
To be corrected by 9/16/2014."
24,1a9390fd28b3060a,3.125(a),,0,"FACILITIES, GENERAL.","The outdoor enclosure housing 1 horse and 1 goat used for teaching had several wires with sharp ends protruding
into the enclosure, posing a risk of injury to the animals.
The facility must be constructed of such material and of such strength as appropriate for the animals involved. The
indoor and outdoor housing facilities shall be structurally sound and shall be maintained in good repair to protect the
animals from injury and to contain the animals.
Corrected during the inspection.
Inspection conducted with facility representatives on 9/10/2014. Exit interview conducted on site with facility
representatives on 9/16/2014."
25,43b69eb1f4381f1a,2.33(b)(2),,0,ATTENDING VETERINARIAN AND ADEQUATE VETERINARY CARE.,"***During the inspection, it was noted that the facility was not following treatment directions provided by the
veterinarian. A treatment sheet for a 6 year old, neutered, hound mix named Bubba indicated that he had been
prescribed Rimadyl to be given orally twice a day beginning on 09/22/17 and ending when the medication had
finished. On 09/23/17 the treatment sheet indicated that Bubba had only received the medication once that day. It
was not until the time of inspection that facility staff realized that the treatment plan had not been properly adhered
to.
Injuries and diseases that are not treated properly (as directed by a veterinarian) may be painful and can lead to
prolonged suffering, infection, and other veterinary care health problems. The facility must use appropriate methods
to prevent, control, diagnose, and treat diseases and injuries. Any change by the facility staff or students to
prescribed veterinary treatments should be discussed with and approved by the veterinarian.
To be corrected by October 4, 2017
This inspection was conducted with the Veterinary Technology Program Director and the exit interview was
conducted with the program director and two facility representatives."
26,281b62b587ff20de,2.38(b),,0,MISCELLANEOUS.,"There was no one available during business hours to allow APHIS Officials to enter and inspect the facilities,
property, records, and animals on24-Jul-18 at 12:15 PM.
APHIS inspector arrived at the facility at approximately 12:15 PM. She was informed by two facility representatives
that since the school was on vacation, she would not be able to perform a facility inspection at that time."
27,8fc2c6f7e9946c0f,2.38(b),,0,Miscellaneous.,"A responsible adult was not available to accompany APHIS Officials during the inspection process at 11:00-11:30am on
11-AUG-21.
Upon arriving at the facility, the inspector called all available numbers and left voicemails. The inspector also knocked on
the door of the facility multiple times with no answer. After no response from the registrant for 30 minutes, the inspector
left.
End Section"
28,17bbe85a89da7862,2.38(b),,0,MISCELLANEOUS.,"Section 2.38(b) - Access and inspection of records and property: Each research facility shall, during business
hours, allow APHIS officials: (1) To enter its place of business.
Responsible persons were not available to allow access and accompany inspection at o9:15 hours on July 29,
2014.
."
29,d92872eefcec9855,2.33(b)(3),,0,ATTENDING VETERINARIAN AND ADEQUATE VETERINARY CARE.,"A ram at a sheep flock that is used under a holding protocol and a teaching protocol approved by the facility's
Institutional Animal Care and Use Committee was found to be unable to stand on January 24, 2014. The herdsman
who discovered the animal in this condition monitored and treated the animal for three days without consulting the
attending veterinarian. The animal did not improve, and was subsequently euthanized.
Animals should be observed on a daily basis to assess their well-being, and any problems should be promptly
communicated to the attending veterinarian, so that appropriate steps can be taken to address health problems. In
this case the animal clearly needed prompt veterinary attention, and it was not received. Failure to communicate
problems and provide adequate care can result in unnecessary suffering.
The facility recognized this failure, reported the event, and has taken appropriate action to correct the problem with
the personnel involved.
An exit interview was conducted on 9/21/15 with facility representatives."
30,0bd14c25b9d2d034,2.31(c)(7),,0,INSTITUTIONAL ANIMAL CARE AND USE COMMITTEE (IACUC).,"At the time of inspection, upon reviewing animal use logs, it was discovered that three animals that underwent xray
procedures as part of a teaching protocol, had more that the number of xrays that were specified in the teaching
protocol approved by the Institutional Animal Care and Use Committee (IACUC).
The protocol specifies that no animal shall have more than ten xrays taken, yet the record showed that on 7/1/15
one dog had 18 xrays taken, and on 7/2/15 one dog had 18 xrays taken, and another had 23 xrays taken.
Significant changes to the protocol cannot be carried out unless approved by the IACUC. The IACUC is responsible
for reviewing all components of proposed animal use, and ensuring that the animals are treated in the most humane
manner possible, that protects their well-being. Unapproved changes to protocol specifications, such as excessive
xrays, could be detrimental to the animals.
To be corrected from this time forward."
31,0bd14c25b9d2d034,2.33(b)(2),,0,ATTENDING VETERINARIAN AND ADEQUATE VETERINARY CARE.,"At the time of inspection it was discovered that on 12/4/14 a dog was given Ketamine, an anesthetic drug, and the
vial of Ketamine used had an expiration date of November, 2014 (vial # 5 in drug log).
Additionally, the anesthesia machines at the facility were all overdue for service - with ""next service due"" dates
12/14, 9/13, and 5/15.
The facility should ensure that appropriate methods are employed when administering anesthesia, and this includes
ensuring that drugs are not expired, and that anesthesia machines are maintained in optimal condition. Failure to
maintain such standards could result in adverse effects for animals undergoing procedures at the facility. Steps
should be taken to remedy these problems and ensure that they do not recur.
Use of expired drugs to be corrected immediately, and service on anesthesia machines to be completed by
10/20/15.
An exit interview was conducted with the Program Director (9/17/15) and the IACUC representatives (9/21/15)."
32,5439f2ce9479a28c,3.101(a)(3),,0,"FACILITIES, GENERAL.","Some defects were observed on the surfaces inside the monk seal pool. The inspector returned to the facility on
3/22/17, when the pool was scheduled to be drained. Upon viewing the drained pool it was clearly evident that some
areas of the wall and floors of the pool have significantly deteriorated. On the wall, there are at least a dozen large
patches measuring up to five inches in diameter or more, where the original surface is missing, and the underlying
concrete has a roughened surface. On the floor, there are at least two areas where the surface has also failed,
including one two foot by one foot rectangle where eighty percent of the original surface is missing, and the
underlying surface is uneven and rough.
Failure to maintain the surfaces in good repair could result in ingestion of materials coming off of the pool walls and
floor, an inability to adequately clean and disinfect the surfaces, roughened pool bottom that could cause abrasions,
especially when the pool is drained, and / or the possibility of contaminants leaching through the unsealed,
deteriorated areas in the pool surface, which could affect water quality. Any of these could be detrimental to the
health and well-being of the animals.
Whereas the facility has contracted an architect to come up with plans for improvements to this exhibit, there is
currently no documented timeline for performing maintenance on the pool surfaces.
All surfaces in a marine mammal primary enclosure must be constructed of durable, nontoxic materials that facilitate
cleaning, and disinfection in order to maintain the desired water quality. All surfaces must be maintained in good
repair as part of a regular, ongoing maintenance program.
To be corrected by November 20, 2017.
This inspection was conducted on 3/20/17 and 3/22/17, and the inspection and exit interview were conducted with
facility representatives."
33,724fb26767db47d7,3.125(a),,0,"FACILITIES, GENERAL.","The facility is comprised of enclosures and a roof that are in critical disrepair. Some gates have openings with
protruding wires, feeders are falling apart, with exposed nails protruding, and the roof where the ewes are is actively
shedding corroded pieces of corrugated metal, with broken pieces on the ground, and others threatening to fall from
above. These elements have sharp edges and falling pieces which present a risk of injury to the animals. The gates
and fencing in disrepair also present an escape risk.
The facility must be constructed of such material and of such strength as appropriate for the animals involved. The
indoor and outdoor housing facilities shall be structurally sound and shall be maintained in good repair to protect the
animals from injury and to contain the animals. The facility should make necessary repairs or relocate the animals."
34,724fb26767db47d7,3.131(c),,0,SANITATION.,"In the animal enclosures and adjoining areas there was an accumulation of discarded materials. One room, within
an enclosure, had discarded metal items and empty plastic sacs, and another had a bucket of cleaning products
next to a pile of containers that appear to be discarded. Just outside another enclosure there was a large pile of
discarded wool on the ground, that was wet and discolored.
The premises shall be kept clean and in good repair in order to protect the animals from injury and to facilitate the
prescribed husbandry practices. Accumulations of trash shall be placed in designated areas and cleared as
necessary to protect the health of the animals. The facility should clean up the premises or relocate the animals.
This was a new site inspection. No regulated activity shall be conducted at this site until it is brought into compliance
and approved.
This inspection was conducted with the site herdsman, and the exit interview was conducted with the University of
Hawaii representatives."
35,5f648df2aded7e07,2.36(b)(6),,0,Annual report.,"The USDA Annual Report filed for Fiscal Year 2021 incorrectly accounts for the pigs. The number of pigs used in
research/teaching was stated in column C (no pain, distress or use of pain-relieving drugs) instead of the correct column
D (accompanying pain or distress to the animals for which appropriate anesthetic, analgesic or tranquilizing drugs were
used). The pigs were used in surgical procedures.
Properly identifying animals used in research on the annual report is necessary to inform the Institutional Official and
USDA Animal Care of the scope and extent of the animal use at the facility.
The 2021 annual report needs to be amended and resubmitted to USDA Animal Care with all animal use data accurately
included. Correct by July 31, 2022.
This inspection and exit interview were conducted with the IACUC representative.
End Section"
36,95b50f60687b127b,2.130,,0,MINIMUM AGE REQUIREMENTS.,"On 13 May 2018, according to the paperwork for American Airlines Waybills 06761646 and 06761300 the
intermediate handler accepted shipments of kittens where the age on the Health Certificates (dated 11 May 18) is
only 7 weeks old. No cat shall be accepted by any intermediate handler or carrier for transportation in commerce
unless such cat is 8 weeks of age and has been weaned. Per this regulation, all dogs and cats transported in
commerce must be at least 8 weeks of age and fully weaned. This facility must take steps to assure that future
acceptance of all dogs are at the minimum age for the health and safety of the animals.
Correct from this day forward.
This inspection and exit interview were conducted with facility representatives."
37,6901e62167a7a540,2.126(b),,0,Access and inspection of records and property; submission of itineraries.,"A responsible adult was not available to accompany APHIS Officials during the inspection process at 1330 on
28Aug2023. Email attempts to contact local and regional personnel were not answered within allotted 30 minute wait
period. Inspector departed airport at 1415.
End Section"
38,b07ab964cab011cc,2.25(a),,0,Requirements and procedures.,"The facility's registration expired 09/01/23. The facility representative stated that they were not aware of the expiration
date.
A current and active registration is necessary to transport regulated species to be in compliance with the Animal Welfare
Act and Regulations. Each carrier or handler who handles covered animals shall ensure they are registered with USDA by
completing and filing a properly executed form and that the registration is updated every 3 years by the completion and
filing of a new registration form.
Airwaybill # 001-79932204 shows that one (1) Live dog, a Golden Retriever, age 8 weeks, was shipped on 10/12/2023 on
flight # 2463 from Chicago O’ Hare International Airport to Sacramento International Airport. At approximately 1330 hours
on October 12, 2023, a GAT cargo employee was observed handling the above-mentioned dog.
No regulated activities may be conducted until a USDA registration is obtained."
39,b07ab964cab011cc,2.78(c),,0,Health certification and identification.,"At the cargo office for General Aviation Terminal, two cats had been accepted for transport on waybill # 173-07836920, on
a flight bound for Honolulu. The shipment date on the waybill was 04/10/2023. APHIS form 7001 was signed by the
issuing veterinarian on 3/29/2023. There are twelve (12) days between the veterinarian health certificate and the waybill.
Intermediate handlers must ensure that the Health Certificate issued by a licensed veterinarian is in accordance with
paragraph (a) referencing article (2.78 (a)(1) and is issued on a specified date which shall not be more than 10 days from
the initial issuance of the Health Certificate
This inspection and exit interview were conducted in the cargo area with the ground handler.
Additional Inspectors:
KATHARINE FRANK, VETERINARY MEDICAL OFFICER n"
40,7f1484f703800b0f,2.25(a),,1,Requirements and procedures.,"The facility's registration expired 09/01/23. The facility representative stated that they were not aware of the expiration
date.
A current and active registration is necessary to transport regulated species to be in compliance with the Animal Welfare
Act and Regulations. Each carrier or handler who handles covered animals shall ensure they are registered with USDA by
completing and filing a properly executed form and that the registration is updated every 3 years by the completion and
filing of a new registration form.
Airwaybill # 001-79932204 shows that one (1) Live dog, a Golden Retriever, age 8 weeks, was shipped on 10/12/2023 on
flight # 2463 from Chicago O’ Hare International Airport to Sacramento International Airport. At approximately 1330 hours
on October 12, 2023, a GAT cargo employee was observed handling the above-mentioned dog.
No regulated activities may be conducted until a USDA registration is obtained."
41,7f1484f703800b0f,2.78(c),,1,Health certification and identification.,"At the cargo office for General Aviation Terminal, two cats had been accepted for transport on waybill # 173-07836920, on
a flight bound for Honolulu. The shipment date on the waybill was 04/10/2023. APHIS form 7001 was signed by the
issuing veterinarian on 3/29/2023. There are twelve (12) days between the veterinarian health certificate and the waybill.
Intermediate handlers must ensure that the Health Certificate issued by a licensed veterinarian is in accordance with
paragraph (a) referencing article (2.78 (a)(1) and is issued on a specified date which shall not be more than 10 days from
the initial issuance of the Health Certificate
This inspection and exit interview were conducted in the cargo area with
the cargo handler.
Additional Inspectors:
KATHARINE FRANK, VETERINARY MEDICAL OFFICER n"
42,cc62b529f5954e12,2.38(b),,0,MISCELLANEOUS.,"There was no one available during business hours to allow APHIS Officials to enter and inspect the facilities,
property, records, and animals on29-JAN-18 at 1:30 PM.
The inspector arrived on campus at 1:30 PM on 1/29/18 to conduct an inspection but the individual authorized to
accompany the inspector was not in his/her office. The inspector waited for almost 60 minutes and tried to contact
him/her by both phone and e-mail before leaving. An email received after the inspector left the premises confirmed
that the contact had left the campus and was unavailable.
An AWA compliance inspection could not be conducted because there was no other authorized facility
representative available to accompany the inspector.
Unannounced inspections to determine compliance with the provisions of the AWA are required to assess the
facility.
Correct from this date forward.
NOTE - This is the FIRST attempted inspection. Report delivered by e-mail 1/30/18."
43,89d0e6b89eab1ed7,2.31(e)(4),,0,INSTITUTIONAL ANIMAL CARE AND USE COMMITTEE (IACUC).,"Proposals to conduct an activity on animals.
1. Review of Protocol # 100598-0116: There was a discrepancy noted between the monitoring procedures outlined
in the IACUC approved protocol and the situation observed by the APHIS inspector at the time of the inspection.
The protocol states that ""Rabbits are monitored following anesthesia until alert....."" but during the inspection the
APHIS inspector observed a Rabbit in its primary enclosure that was unconscious and in lateral recumbency. No
one was in the room with the Rabbit and its medical record indicated that the animal had received an injection of an
anesthetic a little over 2 hours ago and an injection of an analgesic less than ½ hour ago; both of the medications
had been administered by research personnel.
Per this Section of the Regulations, a proposal for animal use must contain a description of the procedures
designed to assure that any discomfort and pain to animals will be limited to that which is unavoidable for the
conduct of scientifically valuable research, including provisions for the use of analgesic, anesthetic, and tranquilizing
drugs where indicated and appropriate. Research personnel are expected to follow animal use procedures as they
are described in the IACUC approved protocol.
The IACUC needs to address the discrepancy identified for this ongoing IACUC approved research proposal.
Correct by 8/21/14."
44,89d0e6b89eab1ed7,2.33(b)(5),,0,ATTENDING VETERINARIAN AND ADEQUATE VETERINARY CARE.,"Adequate Pre and Post Procedural Care.
1. At the time of the inspection just before 10 AM on 7/17/14, the APHIS inspector observed a Rabbit in an
enclosure that was unconscious and in lateral recumbency. Review of the medical record at the same time
revealed that the Rabbit had received an injection of anesthetic at 7:38 AM and an injection of analgesic at 9:30 AM
under Protocol #100598-0116; both injections had been given by someone from the investigator's lab. The written
medical record had been initialed by the same lab person and the medical record already had entries written for 2
more doses of analgesic, one for 7/17/14 at 5PM and the other for 7 AM the next day.
Per this Section of the Regulations, every research facility shall establish and maintain a program of adequate
veterinary care that includes adequate pre and post procedural care in accordance with current established
veterinary medical and nursing procedures. Making entries for treatments or medications in an animal's medical
record before the treatments or medications have been administered to the animal is not in accordance with current
professionally accepted veterinary medical practices.
The research facility needs to: (1) address this issue with research personnel on Protocol #100598-0116, and (2)
ensure that all research facility personnel involved in animal care, treatment, and use are familiar with and follow
this Section of the Regulations.
Correct (1) by 7/28/14 and (2) by 8/22/14.
NOTE - Inspection conducted 7/17/14 and 7/21/14. Exit interview held 7/21/14 on-site with facility representatives.
*END OF REPORT*"
45,e21987931c7f320e,2.32(c)(1)(2),,0,PERSONNEL QUALIFICATIONS.,"Training of personnel.
1. It was noted when GP #98 was examined during the inspection, that all of the animal(cid:25)'s toe nails were
excessively long when compared to the length of the toe nails of the other 3 GPs housed in the same room. The
animal moved normally and none of the toe nails were damaged. The GPs are regularly handled by facility
personnel whenever the primary enclosures are changed and according to the room log, the enclosure of GP #98
has been changed 3 times per week for at least the past month.
Per this Section of the Regulations, all personnel involved in animal care should be appropriately trained in the
proper handling and care for the species of animals that they care for. The excessive length of the toe nails of GP
#98 should have been recognized by facility personnel at the time of direct handling of the GP during routine cage
changes and the toe nails trimmed accordingly. Excessively long nails can be associated with discomfort and can
be prone to injury.
Although this item was corrected by facility personnel during the inspection by trimming the long toe nails of GP
#98, the Registrant needs to ensure that all personnel involved in animal care are familiar with the proper care and
handling of the species of animals that they care for and are familiar with the normal physical and behavioral
characteristics of those species so that any deviations from normal are promptly recognized and appropriately
addressed.
Correct by 5/22/15."
46,e21987931c7f320e,2.33(b)(1),,0,ATTENDING VETERINARIAN AND ADEQUATE VETERINARY CARE.,"Availability of appropriate equipment.
1. On 9/3/14 a rabbit died while under general anesthesia for an IACUC approved research activity when the
ventilator abruptly malfunctioned. The rabbit experienced serious respiratory effects and died despite the
immediate efforts of the AV to resuscitate the animal.
The unexpected death of the rabbit during general anesthesia was reported to the IACUC by the investigator the
following day. As a result of being informed of the rabbit's unexpected death, the IACUC conducted an investigation
and concluded that the failure of the ventilator was the result of: (1) the failure of veterinary staff to perform any
routine maintenance of the ventilator as recommended by the manufacturer since the unit was purchased in
October 2008; and (2) a 24 volt power supply cord was used with the unit during the general anesthesia of the
rabbit instead of the 12 volt power supply cord supplied by the manufacturer and the subsequent overvoltage likely
damaged components of the ventilator contributing to failure of the unit.
Per this Section of the Regulations, the program of veterinary care at research facilities should include the
availability of appropriate facilities and equipment to comply with the provision of adequate veterinary care to the
animals. The availability of appropriate equipment includes ensuring that any equipment required for the care and
use of the animals that are used in approved research activities is functioning properly, personnel are familiar with
the proper use and maintenance of the equipment, and the equipment is maintained and serviced according to the
manufacturer's recommendations to ensure that the equipment operates reliably and as expected.
The IACUC acted to address this item by conducting an investigation, reporting the incident to OLAW and USDA,
and implementing appropriate corrective actions to prevent any future incidents. Corrective actions included but
were not limited to requiring the performance of and documentation of all routine preventative maintenance of
equipment as per manufacturer'(cid:25)s recommendations as well as the review of that documentation by the IACUC
during every semi-annual facility inspection, tethering the power supply cord that comes with all equipment to each
piece of equipment, and providing all veterinary technical staff with additional training on the proper use and
maintenance of the new ventilator unit.
This item has been corrected."
47,e21987931c7f320e,3.31(a)(2),,0,SANITATION.,"Cleaning of primary enclosures.
1. It was noted during the inspection that most of the corn cob bedding material inside the solid floor primary
enclosure of GP #98 was very wet and there was a minimal amount of dry bedding material present compared to
the other 3 primary enclosures in the room that each contained one GP. In addition the enclosure for GP #98 had a
strong ammonia odor and an excessive amount of fecal material compared to the 3 other GP primary enclosures.
The skin of the caudal aspect of the hock and metatarsal area of both rear legs of GP #98 was a deeper shade of
pink compared to the skin of the other 3 GPs but there were not any clinical problems noted in the animal.
Per this Section of the Regulations, GPs should be transferred to a clean enclosure whenever their primary
enclosure become wet or soiled to a degree that might be uncomfortable or harmful to the health of the animal.
Although this item was immediately corrected by facility personnel during the inspection by transferring GP #98 to a
clean enclosure, the Registrant needs to ensure that facility personnel monitor the conditions of and change GP
enclosures on a schedule that prevents the enclosures from becoming excessively soiled or wet.
Correct from this date forward.
NOTE - Inspection conducted 4/22/15 and 4/23/15. Exit interview held 4/23/15 on-site with facility representatives.
*END OF REPORT*"
48,70d69a71697a7f5e,2.31(d)(1)(ii),,0,Institutional Animal Care and Use Committee (IACUC).,"IACUC approved Protocol #0624 did not provide a written narrative description of the methods and sources used to
determine that alternatives were not available for the non-survival major operative procedure that may cause more than
momentary pain or distress to the animals that is included in the protocol.
Per this Section of the Regulations, whenever a proposal for animal use contains procedures that may cause more than
momentary pain or distress to the animals, the IACUC shall determine that the principal investigator has considered
alternatives to those procedures and that the principal investigator has provided a written narrative description of the
methods and sources used to determine that alternatives were not available. This requirement ensures that all procedures
contained in the protocol minimize discomfort, distress, and pain to the animals. The IACUC needs to address this item.
Correct by 9/19/22.
This inspection and exit briefing were conducted with facility representatives.
n"
49,b2f26b5a807cff86,2.31(c)(7),,0,Institutional Animal Care and Use Committee (IACUC).,"Pertaining to IACUC approved Protocol 200794: The proposal for animal use was reviewed along with the medical
records for 13 rabbits on the study. The following instances of the laboratory staff implementing significant changes in an
ongoing activity without prior review and approval by the IACUC and instances of the laboratory staff not following the
approved protocol were identified. The deviations with the IACUC approved protocol were identified by the IACUC during
the November 2023 semi-annual facility inspection.
1. According to the research facility’s IACUC Acclimation Policy that investigators are to follow for all IACUC approved
protocols, the acclimation period for all non-rodents is a minimum of 7 days. Review of facility records for the 6 rabbits
delivered on 11/16/23 revealed that the 6 rabbits underwent a procedure requiring anesthesia on 11/17/23 (1 day of
acclimation) and 1 rabbit delivered on 12/7/23 underwent a procedure requiring anesthesia on 12/12/23 (5 days of
acclimation). Shortening of the acclimation period is a significant change regarding the use of animals in an ongoing
activity that was not reviewed or approved by the IACUC committee.
2. Protocol states that two injections of the study compound will be administered to the rabbits. The first injection will be
administered on study day 0 and the second injection of the study compound will be administered three days later on
study day 3. Review of the medical record of rabbit #448 revealed that the study day 0 injection was administered on
12/29/23 and the second injection was administered 6 days later on 1/4/24. Doubling the time interval between study
compound injections is a significant change regarding the use of animals in an ongoing activity that was not reviewed or
approved by the IACUC committee.
3. Protocol states that the intra-articular injection will be performed under general anesthesia (acepromazine followed by
inhalant agent). There was no documentation noted in the review of the medical records of 10 animals that the inhalant
agent was administered during the injections as described in the approved protocol.
4. Protocol states that laboratory staff will monitor the rabbits “5 days per week until the prescribed study endpoint”
following the intra-articular injections and following the major operative procedure. There was no documentation noted in
the review of the medical records of at least 10 animals that the monitoring of the animals was performed as described in
the approved protocol.
5. Protocol states that rabbits undergoing a major operative procedure will receive antibiotics for 3 days post-operatively.
There was no documentation noted in the review of the medical records of 5 animals that underwent surgery that
antibiotics were administered as described in the approved protocol.
6. Protocol states that acepromazine will be administered prior to procedures either as the sole agent or in addition to an
inhalant agent, and the protocol includes an approved range for the dose. The dose of acepromazine administered to the
rabbits was not documented in the medical records and it could not be determined if the dose of the medication was as
described in the approved protocol.
7. Protocol states that “no more than 10 ml of blood at each bleeding”. The volume of blood taken was not documented in
the medical records for the majority of the blood draws and it could not be determined if the volume of blood taken was as
described in the approved protocol.
Per this Section, with respect to activities involving animals, the IACUC shall review and approve, require modifications to
secure approval, or withhold approval of proposed significant changes regarding the care and use of animals in ongoing
activities prior to implementation by the investigator. Principal investigators are to follow the IACUC approved proposals
and any proposed changes shall be reviewed and approved by the IACUC prior to implementation. The IACUC needs to
address the deviations with the IACUC approved protocol that were identified for this proposal for animal use and ensure
that all significant changes regarding the care and use of animals in ongoing activities are reviewed and approved prior to
implementation. Correct by 3/1/24.
This inspection and exit briefing were conducted with facility representatives.
*END OF REPORT*
n"
50,842352fe70a26487,2.31(d)(8),,0,Institutional Animal Care and Use Committee (IACUC).,"In April 2021, the Attending Veterinarian was reviewing surgical records of voles with telemetry devices implanted for
behavior studies. Upon reviewing the records, the Attending Veterinarian identified 11 voles that had gone through the
telemetry implant surgery from March 30th to April 2nd. According to the IACUC approved protocol, only 8 voles were
supposed to be used. The Principal Investigator had not submitted an amendment to the IACUC for this change in
animals.
Proposed activities and proposed significant changes in ongoing activities that have been approved by the IACUC may be
subject to further review and approval. Any changes in activity that involves the care and use of animals must be
approved by the IACUC.
This was corrected at the time of inspection by the Attending Veterinarian retraining the Principal Investigator and the
IACUC approving an amendment to increase animal numbers.
This inspection and exit interview were conducted with Attending Veterinarian.
End Section"
51,048d23cf993f85a1,2.31(c)(3),,0,INSTITUTIONAL ANIMAL CARE AND USE COMMITTEE (IACUC).,"Report to the Institutional Official.
1. The IACUC did not update the reports to the Institutional Official at least once every six months as required per
this Section of the Regulations. The IACUC did complete the semi-annual reviews of the research facility's program
for humane care and use of animals and did complete the semi-annual inspections of the animal facilities on
10/15/13, 4/22/14, and 10/1/14. However, the IACUC has not prepared a report to the Institutional Official for any of
the semi-annual reviews that were completed on those 3 dates. The most recent semi-annual report prepared by
the IACUC that was submitted to the Institutional Official was dated 4/22/13 for the semi-annual evaluations
completed by the IACUC in April 2013.
Per this Section of the Regulations, the IACUC shall evaluate the program for humane care and use of animals and
inspect the animal facilities semi-annually and then submit a report to the Institutional Official. The reports shall be
updated at least once every six months upon completion of the required semi-annual evaluations and must contain
any minority views. In addition, the reports shall be reviewed and signed by a majority of the IACUC members and
shall be maintained by the research facility and made available to APHIS for inspection.
The IACUC needs to prepare reports for the semi-annual evaluations of the program for humane care and use of
animals and the semi-annual animal facility inspections that were conducted by the IACUC on 10/15/13, 4/22/14,
and 10/1/14 and the reports need to be submitted to the Institutional Official.
Correct by 4/10/15."
52,048d23cf993f85a1,2.31(d)(5),,1,INSTITUTIONAL ANIMAL CARE AND USE COMMITTEE (IACUC).,"Continuing reviews of activities involving animals.
1. Pertaining to Protocol A-3: The IACUC did not conduct a continuing review of this animal use protocol at an
interval of at least annually as required per this Section. The protocol was initially reviewed and approved by the
IACUC on 1/16/13 and the next continuing review of the protocol was conducted by the IACUC on 4/22/14. This
represents an interval of 15 months between continuing reviews.
Per this Section of the Regulations, the IACUC shall conduct continuing reviews of animal use activities at
appropriate intervals as determined by the IACUC, but not less than annually. Regular continuing reviews of
approved animal use activities by the IACUC is important to ensure that all aspects of the animal use proposal
remain compliant with the requirements of the AWA Regulations.
NOTE - Exit interview held 2/6/15 on-site with facility representative.
*END OF REPORT*"
53,5fbcb888fbc24ffe,2.31(c)(3),,1,INSTITUTIONAL ANIMAL CARE AND USE COMMITTEE (IACUC).,"IACUC Functions.
1. The IACUC has not conducted an evaluation of the research facility's program for humane care and use of
animals and has not inspected the research facility's animal facilities at least once every six months as required.
The date of the last evaluation of the program and inspection of the animal facilities was 10/1/14. As of the date of
today's inspection, it has been almost 7 1/2 months since the IACUC completed the last evaluations and it was also
noted that the IACUC had not yet scheduled a date to conduct the required evaluations of the program and animal
facilities.
Per this Section of the Regulations, the IACUC is responsible for conducting the semi-annual evaluations of the
program for humane use and inspection of the animal facilities. Completion of these required evaluations by the
IACUC is important to assess both the program for animal use and the condition of the animal facilities to evaluate
and ensure that the research facility is adhering to the standards and regulations specified under the Act.
NOTE - This was a focused inspection based on the non-compliant items identified during the last inspection.
NOTE - Exit interview held 5/12/15 on-site with facility representative. Report delivered by e-mail 5/13/15.
*END OF REPORT*"
54,dd83c72e0a3d02ce,2.35(a)(3),,0,RECORDKEEPING REQUIREMENTS.,"Recordkeeping for Reports to Institutional Official.
1. There was no copy of the semi-annual IACUC report to the Institutional Official (IO) available for review at time of
the inspection for the report submitted to the IO for the semi-annual review of the Program for Animal Care and Use
and the semi-annual inspection of the animal facilities that were conducted by the IACUC in the Fall of 2015.
Per this Section of the Regulations, copies of the semi-annual reports prepared by the IACUC and submitted to the
IO should be maintained and available at the time of an inspection so the required records can be reviewed to
determine the compliance of the research facility with the provisions of the AWA.
Correct from this date forward for all past and future IACUC semi-annual reports to the Institutional Official.
NOTE - Exit interview held on-site 3/31/16 with facility representative. Report delivered by e-mail 4/4/16.
*END OF REPORT*"
55,40c497f8e3fbf7b3,2.38(b),,0,MISCELLANEOUS.,"There was no one available during business hours to allow APHIS Officials to enter and inspect the facilities,
property, records, and animals on29-JAN-20 at 1:15 PM.
The inspector arrived on campus at 1:15 PM on 1/29/20 to conduct an inspection but the individual authorized to
accompany the inspector was not in his/her office. The inspector tried to contact him/her by text messages and
waited for almost 60 minutes before leaving.
An AWA compliance inspection could not be conducted because there was no other authorized facility
representative available to accompany the inspector.
Unannounced inspections to determine compliance with the provisions of the AWA are required to assess the
facility.
Correct from this date forward by providing inspector with alternate points of contact and schedule of availability.
NOTE - This is the FIRST attempted inspection. Report delivered by e-mail 1/30/20."
56,894a62b876276a9c,2.31(e)(3),,0,INSTITUTIONAL ANIMAL CARE AND USE COMMITTEE (IACUC).,"Proposals to conduct activities involving animals.
1. Review of Protocol #2013-07653: There are several inconsistencies and/or incomplete descriptions of the
proposed use of the study animals contained in the text of the protocol that was reviewed and approved by the
IACUC.
Per this Section of the Regulations, a proposal for animal use must contain a complete description of the proposed
use of the animals so the IACUC can determine that the components of the activities related to the care and
proposed use of animals activities are in accordance with the requirements as outlined in this subchapter.
The IACUC needs to address these issues as identified for this research proposal.
Correct by 8/1/14."
57,894a62b876276a9c,3.130,,0,WATERING.,"Watering.
1. At the end of May 2014, two single-housed Peromyscus mice were found dead in their enclosures several days
following complete cage change. It was later determined that the Peromyscus died as a result of employee error
when their enclosures were placed onto an automatic water-equipped rack incorrectly and as a result the animals
did not have access to any water.
Per this Section of the Regulations, water must be provided to animals as often as necessary for the health and
comfort of the animal. The lack of access to sufficient amounts of water can have adverse effects on the health and
well-being of the animals.
In response to this incident and to prevent any future incidents, the institution took corrective actions including but
not limited to providing re-training of husbandry staff on the standard operating procedures for daily cage checks
and daily animal health checks.
This item has been appropriately addressed by the research facility.
NOTE - Inspection conducted 6/23/14 through 6/26/14. Exit interview held 6/26/14 on-site with facility
representatives.
*END OF REPORT*"
58,214206e6b2bcbbc2,2.38(f)(1),,0,MISCELLANEOUS.,"Handling.
1. On 11/9/12 husbandry staff found a loose hamster on the floor of the dirty side of the cage wash room.
Veterinary staff assessed the hamster and humanely euthanized the animal. Upon being notified and in response
to this incident, the IACUC determined that the hamster had been administered an experimental agent on 11/7/12
and further concluded that a member of the laboratory staff was responsible for the events that led to the hamster
being found loose in the dirty side of the cage wash room.
Per this Section of the Regulations, handling of animals by all personnel, including laboratory staff, shall be done as
carefully as possible in a manner that does not cause behavioral stress or unnecessary discomfort.
The IACUC acted promptly to address this item by conducting an investigation, reporting the incident to OLAW, and
swiftly implementing appropriate corrective actions to prevent any future incidents.
Item has been corrected.
NOTE - This was a focused inspection. Exit interview held 2/26/15 on-site with facility representatives.
*END OF REPORT*"
59,669c88cb0f341522,2.31(d)(1)(ii),,0,INSTITUTIONAL ANIMAL CARE AND USE COMMITTEE (IACUC).,"Consideration of Alternatives.
**Protocol #7113 includes a procedure that would be considered more than momentarily painful or distressful but
the protocol approved by the IACUC did not contain a written narrative description of the methods and sources used
to determine that alternatives were not available to that procedure.
Per this Section of the Regulations, whenever a proposal for animal use contains procedures that may cause more
than momentary pain or distress to the animals, the investigator is required to consider alternatives to those
procedures and provide a written narrative description of the methods and sources used to determine that
alternatives were not available. This requirement is important to ensure that all procedures minimize the degree of
pain and distress to the animals.
The IACUC needs to address this deficiency that was identified for this protocol.
Correct by 7/1/17."
60,669c88cb0f341522,2.33(b)(2),,0,ATTENDING VETERINARIAN AND ADEQUATE VETERINARY CARE.,"Program of Veterinary Care.
**The following outdated medications were found in an investigator’s laboratory space that were ready for use on an
AWA covered species: one tube of Lidocaine cream exp date 1/17 and one tube of Triple Antibiotic ointment exp
date 4/17.
Per this Section of the Regulations, each research facility shall establish and maintain programs of adequate
veterinary care that include the use of appropriate methods to prevent and treat diseases and injuries. All personnel
involved in animal care and use at the research facility should follow the guidelines of the institution’s Program of
Veterinary Care (PVC) that states in part that expired drugs are not approved for use in survival procedures. The
use of outdated or expired medications may not be safe or efficacious; medications that are past their expiration
date can deteriorate with time and may not result in the intended therapeutic effects in the animals.
Although the expired medications were immediately discarded at the time of the inspection, the research facility
needs to ensure that all personnel who are involved in animal care, including research staff, are familiar with the
institution’s PVC and the requirement to use in-date medications in the animals. Following the institution’s Program
of Veterinary Care ensures that appropriate methods are used by all personnel to prevent and treat diseases or
injuries in order to support the health and well-being of the animals.
Correct by 7/1/17.
NOTE - Inspection conducted 5/15/17 thru 5/17/17 with exit briefing held 5/18/17 on-site with facility
representatives.
*END OF REPORT*"
61,78961d4d643df2f5,2.32(a),,0,Personnel qualifications.,"In February 2021 laboratory staff for Protocol #07941 reported an unexpected study outcome to the IACUC. The IACUC
conducted an investigation and determined that although prior instruction had been provided to laboratory staff, they did
not follow the IACUC approved protocol and also did not follow at least 2 of the institution’s guidelines related to animal
use.
A lower dose of anesthetic than in the approved protocol was administered to the animals and as a result the animals did
not remain at a level of anesthesia to allow initiation of the second scheduled procedure. Laboratory staff decided to
perform the 2nd procedure later the same day after a second administration of anesthesia, which was not described in the
IACUC approved protocol.
Per this Section, it shall be the responsibility of the research facility to ensure that all scientists, research technicians,
animal technicians, and other personnel involved in animal care, treatment, and use are qualified to perform their duties.
The research facility had addressed this item prior to this inspection by providing supplemental refresher training to
laboratory personnel on the need to follow the IACUC approved protocol and institutional guidelines. There have been no
additional related incidents. Corrected prior to inspection.
This inspection was conducted with facility representatives from 7/12/21 through 7/15/21. The exit briefing was held with
facility representatives on 7/15/21.
*END OF REPORT*
End Section"
62,7c8eed2e5934da8c,2.33(b)(3),Critical,0,Attending veterinarian and adequate veterinary care.,"Pertaining to IACUC approved Protocol 20100: On 4/21/23 rabbit #87 was anesthetized by investigator staff for an IACUC
approved operative procedure using injectable agents followed by an inhalant agent at 2% for maintenance anesthesia.
The animal’s heart rate began to increase during the procedure and the investigator staff increased the percentage of
inhalant agent to 3% for 30 minutes. The heart rate remained elevated and the investigator decided to administer an
additional dose of the injectable agents, kept the inhalant agent at 3%, and continued the study procedure. The rabbit’s
heart rate remained elevated, but the investigator staff did not contact the Attending Veterinarian. The inhalant agent was
discontinued when the procedure was completed, constituting over 4 hours inhalant anesthesia and over 2 hours at 3%,
but the rabbit’s oxygen level began to drop, and respiratory depression developed. At that point, investigator staff
contacted veterinary staff who immediately responded and initiated treatment. The animal’s condition continued to
deteriorate, and the rabbit was euthanized. The necropsy results were that the death was due to anesthesia error.
Per this Section, each research facility shall maintain a program of adequate veterinary care that includes the observation
of all animals to assess their health and well-being. The observation of animals may be accomplished by someone other
than the Attending Veterinarian (AV). However, a mechanism of direct and frequent communication must be in place to
convey timely and accurate information concerning any problems of animal health observed in the animals to the
Attending Veterinarian who has the authority to ensure that the animals are provided adequate veterinary care.
There was a failure of the investigator staff to contact the AV during the operative procedure when there was a problem of
animal health. The Attending Veterinarian and research facility acted promptly to address this incident and implemented
corrective measures prior to this inspection, which included additional training of the investigator staff, modifications to the
proposal for animal use, and requiring that veterinary staff administer anesthesia. There have been no additional
incidents. To remain corrected from this day 3/22/24 forward.
This inspection was conducted with facility representatives from 3/18/24 through 3/22/24. The exit briefing was held with
facility representatives on 3/22/24.
n"
63,4c0ebd56182fff84,2.31(c)(3),,0,Institutional Animal Care and Use Committee (IACUC).,"During the review of the semi-annual reports to the Institutional Official, it was noted that the IACUC updated the Semi-
annual Report on 2/8/22 and the next update to the report was on 10/4/22, an interval of 8 months between reports
instead of at least once every 6 months.
Per this Section, one of the functions of the IACUC is to prepare reports of the Committee’s semi-annual evaluations of
the program for animal use and its inspection of the facilities; the semi-annual reports to the Institutional Official shall be
updated at least once every six months upon completion of the required semiannual evaluations. This process ensures
that the Institutional Official is kept informed of the status of both the animal use program and the research facilities.
Correct from this date 10/14/22 for all future semi-annual reports to the Institutional Official.
This inspection and exit briefing were conducted with facility representatives.
*END OF REPORT*
n"
64,48c560ffd875ad9f,2.31(d)(1)(ii),,0,Institutional Animal Care and Use Committee (IACUC).,"Review of IACUC approved protocol #9-075: The written narrative description of the methods and sources used to
determine that alternatives were not available to the procedures that may cause more than momentary pain or distress to
the animals that are included in the proposal, refers to the use of a database search to determine there are no suitable
alternatives. However, none of the terms used in the database search strategy pertained to the specific surgical
procedures contained in the proposal (such as laparotomy, thoracotomy).
Per this Section, whenever a proposal for animal use contains procedures that may cause more than momentary pain or
distress to the animals, the IACUC shall determine that (1) the principal investigator has considered alternatives to those
procedures and (2) that the written narrative description of the methods and sources used by the principal investigator to
determine that alternatives were not available adequately addresses all of the potentially painful procedures contained in
the proposal. These requirements ensure that all procedures contained in the protocol minimize discomfort, distress, and
pain to the animals. The IACUC needs to address this item identified for this protocol. Correct by 1/16/24.
This inspection and exit briefing were conducted with facility representatives.
*END OF REPORT*
n"
65,5fe3dcd7d2670c4a,2.40(b)(2),Critical,0,Attending veterinarian and adequate veterinary care (dealers and exhibitors).,"The USDA reviewed the facility's records for the 5-year-old whale, Havok, during the time he was on 24-hour watch.
During the eight hours prior to his death, the staff members conducting the overnight watch documented multiple
observations of abnormal behavior and did not alert the Attending Veterinarian. The frequency of these abnormal
behaviors markedly increased during this time compared to what had been observed previously.
From 0000-2150 on the day prior to Havok’s death, about 40 instances of a combination of “logging,” shaking of pectoral
flippers, “ventral up” and rolling behaviors were noted at the facility in various time intervals. Comparatively, during
Havok’s last eight hours 2151-0550, the facility's records noted at least 40 instances of 360 rolling, with one instance of
four rolling behaviors noted at 0049 hours and five rolling behaviors noted at 0146 hours. Other abnormal behaviors
noted to increase in frequency were at least 15 instances of ""ventral up” (most of note was the instance of ventral up for
15 seconds at 0101 hours), 3 instances of ""gaspy"" respirations beginning at 0413 hours, and 7 instances of water seen
coming from his blowhole beginning at 0416 hours. There were also 10 instances of ""active bleeding” from Havok's
rostrum recorded during the two hours prior to his death.
This increased frequency of abnormal behaviors constitutes a problem; can indicate rapid deterioration of the animal’s
health and may result in prolonged distress. Although staff members were recording their observations of Havok’s
behaviors, the veterinarian was not contacted during this eight-hour timeframe until Havok’s death at 0550 hours.
The facility failed to provide adequate veterinary care by not using appropriate methods to prevent, control, diagnose and
treat diseases during Havok’ s last eight hours.
Correct from this date 10/15/21 forward."
66,5fe3dcd7d2670c4a,2.131(b)(1),Critical,0,Handling of animals.,"The new whales were first given access to the older resident whales and the main pool in the habitat on 6/18/21. Facility
records indicated that the five-year-old whale named Havok had been receiving treatment for over two weeks for an
ocular condition that resulted in compromised vision. On 6/20/21, the gates between the three interconnecting pools were
open allowing the eight whales access to all pools. A visitor dropped a foreign object in the main pool, which according to
facility employees, is not unexpected when there are a lot of visitors present at the exhibits.
According to facility employees, in response to the foreign object, they closed the gate to the holding pool. The facility
stationed other whales, but not Havok. A facility employee attempted to retrieve the object with a net. Per the facility,
Havok was startled by the net in the main pool and then swam towards the holding pool after the gate was shut. Although
the facility has applied dark hatch markings on the clear acrylic gate, Havok swam straight into the gate. According to
facility records, Havok was “shut on main (pool), rammed gate to holding pool, re-opened rostrum wounds and new
wound on upper left mandible.” Results of the veterinarians' examination noted trauma sustained when he hit the gate
included the presence of lacerations on the maxillary palate and the pre-existing wound on his rostrum re-opened and
expanded.
Handling of all animals shall be done in a manner that does not cause physical harm. Foreign objects falling into exhibits
from members of the public is an anticipated occurrence. The handling of the whales during the response to the foreign
object falling into the pool was not done as carefully as possible to ensure the safety of all the animals, including Havok
who had known vision impairment, a history of swimming into habitat walls, and a disposition for being “spooked,” per his
behavioral records and previous facility’s medical records.
Correct from this date 10/15/21 forward."
67,5fe3dcd7d2670c4a,3.101(a)(1),Critical,0,"Facilities, general.","The USDA reviewed the facility’s records for the 5-year-old whale named Havok which contained multiple entries
documenting injuries the animal sustained on the surfaces of the primary enclosure housing him. On 6/23/21 he injured
himself on an area in the medical pool where the posts for the hydraulic mechanism are located. This incident resulted in
a 4”x 4” round full thickness wound to the right caudal peduncle that required ongoing treatment. On 7/12/21 “staff note
that whale appears to have reduced vision, often colliding with habitat wall and sustained rostral and fluke abrasions”.
Indoor and outdoor housing facilities for marine mammals must be structurally sound and must be maintained in good
repair to protect the animals from injury.
Correct from this date 10/15/21 forward."
68,5fe3dcd7d2670c4a,3.103(b),,0,"Facilities, outdoor.","The USDA inspectors were at the holding pool inspecting where 3 belugas are currently being housed. The USDA noted
that there are times during the day when the holding pool lacked sufficient shelter to protect the animals from direct
sunlight. Although the building adjacent to the holding pool provides shade to parts of the pool at varying times during the
day, there was no natural or artificial shelter available that provided the animals a consistent source of shade. Records
maintained by the facility for the 5 new whales contained entries for the application of sunscreen from 6/11/21 through
9/28/21. Havok’s medical record included an entry on 7/12/21 that described the presence of solar dermatitis with skin
ulceration surrounding the blowhole and solar dermatitis on his melon and cranial dorsum. Records also document that
the five whales have eye issues which can be exacerbated by direct sunlight. These conditions can be painful for the
animals and may require treatment.
Per this Section of the Regulations, marine mammals that are kept outdoors shall be provided protection from the weather
or from direct sunlight. Exposure to direct sunlight can adversely affect the animals’ health resulting in eye or skin
damage.
Correct by 12/15/21"
69,5fe3dcd7d2670c4a,3.106(a),,0,Water quality.,"From 7/31/21 to 8/27/21 the recorded levels of ORP (Oxidative Reduction Potential), a measure of ozone in the water
where the animals live, ranged between 476 and 715mV which is above the levels generally considered to be acceptable
for marine mammals. There were eight consecutive days during this time period when the level ranged from 553 to 606.
ORP levels that exceed 500mV can suggest that animals may be exposed to high oxidant levels in their pool and require
immediate attention by marine mammal facilities. Elevated levels of oxidants in the water, such as ozone, are harmful to
marine mammals and may cause irritation to eyes, skin, and the respiratory system. Per this Section of the Regulations
the primary enclosure shall not contain water which would be detrimental to the health of the marine mammal contained
therein.
This item was addressed by the facility prior to the inspection.
This inspection was conducted with facility representatives and NOAA personnel on 9/29/21 and 9/30/21.
The exit briefing was held 10/12/21 with facility representatives.
Additional Inspectors:
Tonya Hadjis, Supervisory Animal Care Specialist
Carolyn McKinnie, Senior Veterinary Medical Officer - Marine Mammals and ExoticsEnd Section"
70,3b9ca4df4492bf35,3.106(a),,1,Water quality.,"Water quality records for the AASC pools 1 and 2 housing whales Jetta (Pool 1) and Havana (Pool 2) were reviewed.
Both of these whales are under veterinary care. There were multiple instances of consecutive days in December 2021
when the coliform bacteria count of water samples of the pools far exceeded 1,000 MPN. In Pool 1 from 11/30/21 to
12/25/21 (26 days) there were only 6 days where the coliforms were measured under 1000 MPN (3 of those values were
in the 900’s) and 5 days of coliform values over 10,000 MPN. In Pool 2 from 11/30/21 until 12/30/21 (31 days) there were
16 days of high coliform counts with values on 4 of those days over 19,000 MPN and only 4 days where the coliform
levels were under 1000 MPN
During this same time period, there are entries in Havana’s medical record documenting instances of keratitis,
blepharospasm, inappetence, GI discomfort, and rubbing the skin of her fluke and rostrum on the sides of the pool. The
entry in her medical record for 12/8/21 after consultation with an ophthalmologist, states that “coliform changes may have
contributed to keratopathy, so plan to work with the LSS/WQ team (life support system/water quality) to mitigate even
small fluctuations”.
Per this Section of the Regulations the primary enclosure shall not contain water which would be detrimental to the health
of the marine mammal contained therein. Elevated levels of coliforms and other indicators of water quality, such as
oxidants in the water, are harmful to marine mammals and may cause irritation to eyes, skin, and the respiratory system."
71,3b9ca4df4492bf35,3.106(b)(1),,0,Water quality.,"**Water quality records for the two AASC pools were reviewed. There were two instances in December 2021 when the
coliform bacteria count of water samples for both pools exceeded 1,000 MPN and the next water sample recorded was
more than 48 hrs later. The coliform count exceeded 1,000 MPN on 12/16/21 and the next recorded coliform count was
96 hrs later on 12/20/21, and the coliform count exceeded 1,000 MPN on 12/21/21 and the next recorded coliform count
was 72 hrs later on 12/24/21.
**Coliform tests for AASC Pool 1 conducted on 10/2/21 and 12/5/21, and the coliform test for AASC Pool 2 conducted on
12/4/21 had values of “>24,196” MPN. These results do not reflect the actual coliform bacteria counts because there is a
“>” (greater than) sign in front of the number which indicates that the result exceeded the limit of the testing method used.
No other testing was done on these dates to determine the actual coliform count.
Per this Section of the Regulations, the coliform bacteria count of the primary enclosure pool shall not exceed 1,000 MPN
(most probable number) per 100 ml. of water. Should a coliform bacterial count exceed 1,000 MPN, two subsequent
samples may be taken at 48-hour intervals and averaged with the first sample. If such average count does not fall below
1,000 MPN, then the water in the pool shall be deemed unsatisfactory, and the condition must be corrected immediately.
Correct from this date 1/14/22 forward.
This inspection was conducted with facility representatives on 1/10/22. The exit briefing was held 1/14/22 with facility
representatives.
*END OF REPORT*
Additional Inspectors:
Tonya Hadjis, Supervisory Animal Care SpecialistEnd Section"
72,c5e4e53ed9f86b3f,3.28(a)(1),,0,PRIMARY ENCLOSURES.,"1. The 2 guinea pig restraint devices were constructed with a top made of wire mesh and a floor made of wood.
The outermost layer of the wood had worn off of approximately 1/4 to 1/3 of the floor’s surface exposing the
underlying particle board wood. The exposed particle board wood areas of the floor of both restrainers appeared
thicker than the rest of the floor where the outermost layer was intact. The thickened appearance of the exposed
particle board wood indicates that the wood had adsorbed liquid or moisture.
Per this Section of the Regulations, enclosures used to house guinea pigs shall be constructed of material
substantially impervious to liquids and moisture. Surfaces that are not impervious to moisture cannot be effectively
cleaned or sanitized which can affect the health of the animals.
The floors of the 2 guinea pig restrainers need to be replaced with a material impervious to moisture.
Correct by 11/23/16.
NOTE – Exit briefing held on-site 11/9/16 with facility representatives. Report delivered by e-mail 11/10/16.
*END OF REPORT*"
73,903b6fdd74607552,2.31(c)(3),,0,Institutional Animal Care and Use Committee (IACUC).,"During the review of the Semi-annual Reports to the Institutional Official (IO), it was noted that:
1. The semi-annual Program reviews conducted by the IACUC in 3/22, 10/22, and 3/23 identified that the research
facility’s Contingency Plan had been prepared in November 2013 and needed to be updated. However, the deficiency did
not have a specific plan and schedule with dates for correction and the deficiency was not categorized as minor or
significant on the three Reports to the IO.
2. The semi-annual Facility inspections of site 001 in 10/22 and 3/23 were conducted by one IACUC member (Attending
Veterinarian) and one other person who was not a member of the IACUC.
3. The 3/22, 10/22, and 3/23 Semi-annual Reports to the Institutional Official were not signed by a majority of the IACUC
members.
Per this Section, one of the functions of the IACUC is to prepare reports of the Committee’s semi-annual evaluations of
the program for animal use and its inspection of the facilities. The report must contain a reasonable and specific plan and
schedule with dates for correcting each deficiency. The IACUC may use subcommittees composed of at least two
Committee members and may invite ad hoc consultants to assist in conducting the evaluations, however, the IACUC
remains responsible for the evaluations and reports as required by the Act and regulations. The reports shall be reviewed
and signed by a majority of the IACUC members. This process ensures that the Institutional Official is kept informed and
provided with accurate information on the status of both the animal use program and the research facilities.
Correct from this date 3/24/23 for all future semi-annual reports to the Institutional Official."
74,903b6fdd74607552,2.36(b)(5),,0,Annual report.,"During the review of the research facility’s USDA FY 22 Annual Report, it was noted that no rabbits were reported.
However at the time of the 3/16/22 inspection, there were 2 rabbits at site 001.
Per this Section, the USDA Annual Report shall state the common names and the numbers of animals upon which
teaching, research, experiments, or tests were conducted that involved no pain, distress, or use of pain-relieving drugs.
Routine procedures (for example injections, tattooing, blood sampling) should be reported with this group. The USDA
Annual Report documents a research facility’s animal use activities and the animal usage during the federal fiscal year
(October 1 through September 30); the species and number of animals should be accurate. The research facility needs to
submit a revised annual report to USDA by 4/7/23.
This inspection and exit briefing were conducted with facility representative.
End Section"
75,a8b0260e67575635,2.31(c)(3),,1,Institutional Animal Care and Use Committee (IACUC).,"During the review of the most recent Semi-annual Report submitted to the Institutional Official (IO) dated 10/18/23, it was
noted that the report was not signed by a majority of the IACUC members.
Per this Section, one of the functions of the IACUC is to prepare reports of the Committee’s semi-annual evaluations of
the program for animal use and its inspection of the facilities. The reports shall be reviewed and signed by a majority of
the IACUC members prior to being submitted to the IO. This process ensures that all members of the IACUC Committee
have an opportunity to review the report and to include any minority views to ensure that the IO is kept informed and
provided with accurate information on the status of both the animal use program and the research facilities.
This inspection and exit briefing were conducted with facility representatives.
*END OF REPORT*
n"
76,1ddf2549574ec9ae,2.32(a),Critical,0,Personnel qualifications.,"Surgical records for Pig #9 used under study A conducted on September 15, 2021, show inconsistencies in the monitoring
of vital signs and missing information. The pig was under anesthesia for approximately 18hrs. Either no vital signs were
recorded or only some monitoring parameters were noted in the records at some timepoints.
Based upon the information on the Anesthesia and Vital Signs Monitoring form:
1. There were no vital signs entered at the 8:15pm and 8:30pm and timepoints
2. No entries of PCO2 from 2:45pm-6:15pm and the CO2 monitor was not working for an unspecified amount of time.
3. No blood pressure readings for the noon-2:00pm timepoints and the 7:30pm-11:15pm timepoints
Noted in the surgical records was an incident in which the tracheal tube was noted to have filled with phlegm at 2:45am.
Appropriate interventions were administered but Pig #9 ultimately died under anesthesia because of a decline of its vital
signs and O2 desaturation. Records indicate the EtCO2 ranged from 21- 35 mm Hg from 7:55am to 2am. The EtCO2
value was out of range except between 11pm – 2am. (The protocol indicates the EtCO2 would be monitored and
maintained at 40 +/- 5.) The pO2 was within normal range until 2:45am when phlegm was noted in the tracheal tube.
Personnel responsible for monitoring the pig #9 under anesthesia missed timepoints for monitoring as indicated in the
protocol and facility SOPs and failed to recognize in a timely manner that the animal was not being adequately
oxygenated as outlined in the study protocol.
The protocol indicates the principal investigator will provide training and that inexperienced personnel will be under the
direction of the principal investigator or senior investigators. Personnel were not following the guidelines for monitoring
and interventions outlined in the protocol. Some personnel involved in the study are not adequately trained in the process
and interpretation of monitoring of all vital signs as indicated in the facility surgery records.
An appropriate training program must be implemented that ensures all persons on the study are properly trained to
perform the necessary procedures and is knowledgeable of monitoring parameters of vital signs as outlined in the
protocol and in surgical documents. This training must occur before any additional procedures are performed under for
the welfare of the animals on Protocol A. Correct by October 18, 2021.
This inspection and exit interview were conducted with the Attending Veterinarian and Institutional Official.
End Section"
77,03059301405b82ef,2.32(b),,0,Personnel qualifications.,"Several technicians performing procedures under Protocol A were trained between March 2022 and July 2022. According
to their training qualification section of the protocol, some of the sub-investigators will perform procedures “under the
guidance of and learning from senor investigators”. There was no indication a senior investigator was present for some
studies in progress and assistance was sought from the vet staff or others not listed on the protocol.
Additionally, there is no record of a process that ensures that sub-investigators with limited experience with the species
and/or procedures on the study are reevaluated to determine proficiency to perform study procedures on their own.
Per this Section, it the responsibility of a research facility to ensure that all scientists, research technicians, animal
technicians, and other personnel involved in a study are qualified to perform the procedures outlined in the protocol. This
requirement ensures that processes and procedures established and approved by the IACUC are followed for the welfare
of the study animals.
Qualifications of personnel must be reviewed with sufficient frequency to ensure all study personnel can perform all study
procedures without supervision. A process for determining proficiency in performing procedures on the protocol must be
established and the personnel qualifications should be updated accordingly.
Correct by January 31, 2023.
The inspection was conducted from 11/16-18/ 2022. This inspection and exit interview were conducted with the facility
representatives and the IO.
n"
78,1ea558fb6f511ae0,3.131(c),,0,SANITATION.,"*Two fly strips above the treatment stall for the goats were full of flies. There were some cobwebs attached to the
back and sides of the stall.
Debris from older fly strips and cobwebs could allow for contamination of equipment during procedures or while
routinely handling the animals. In addition, as weather warms, fly strips that are full may not adequately control flies.
Premises shall be kept clean in order to protect the animals from injury.
Corrected at time of inspection.
The inspection and exit briefing were conducted with the President."
79,08ba0ed985a26dfc,3.125(a),,0,"Facilities, general.","Multiple small areas areas associated with seams along the metal lining on the wall of the goat pen were rusted and
peeling up away from the wall, creating roughened edges with the potential for goats to rub against and pull apart further.
If the metal wall liners are not kept in good repair, there is a potential for animal injury. The facility must ensure that the
facility is structurally sound and maintained in good repair to protect the animals from injury.
To be corrected by: August 10, 2021
This inspection and exit interview were conducted with facility representative.
End Section"
80,b0049aa2d05edd2f,3.125(a),,0,"Facilities, general.","The chainlink fence surrounding the outdoor goat pen was sagging and detached from several of the upright supports,
with some exposed sharp edges of wire along the bottom edge on one side. Sagging fence may fail to contain the
animals adequately, and the sharp edges of wire could present a risk for injury. The facility must ensure the fence
securely and safely contains the animals.
Correct by 30 May 2023.
This inspection and exit interview were conducted with the facility representative.
n"
81,ed2776cebb5d5cdd,2.31(c)(4),,0,INSTITUTIONAL ANIMAL CARE AND USE COMMITTEE (IACUC).,"***The corrective action plan for an adverse event that occurred on January 22, 2014, included a change in the
process for sexing hamsters at weaning. The IACUC review of the adverse event did not include a verification that
formal training of the change in process had occurred. Additonally, there is no formal written document of the new
procedure.The IACUC must verify that a corrective action plan as a result of an adverse event has been
implemented to ensure there is no repeat of the adverse event. The IACUC must ensure that the new process for
sexing hamsters is in writing, either by protocol admendment or an SOP, and that all pertinent personnel have
received the required training. Correct by March 20, 2015"
82,ed2776cebb5d5cdd,2.32(b),,0,PERSONNEL QUALIFICATIONS.,"***On January 22, 2014 five hamster pups were found dead or morbid in a cage containing two males and one
female. The female hamster was missexed and her pregnancy was undetected. The husbandry and research staff
failed to properly identify the sex of the female hamster. A new process for ensuring hamsters are properly sexed at
weaning was established but not formally written. Changes in procedures should be documented in writing and
formal training provided to all pertinent personnel. The research and husbandry staff must receive training on the
new process for sexing hamsters. Additionally, the training should be documented to ensure all personnel are aware
of the new process. Correct by March 20, 2015
An exit briefing was conducted with the facility representatives.
Additional Inspectors
Mcintosh Ashley, Veterinary Medical Officer"
83,d5f99943f12c4741,2.40(b)(2),,0,ATTENDING VETERINARIAN AND ADEQUATE VETERINARY CARE (DEALERS AND EXHIBITORS).,"Records reviewed did not support the use of appropriate methods to prevent, control, diagnose, and treat diseases
and injuries. Five out of twelve animal records reviewed at this inspection indicated that treatment was delayed in
animals identified to veterinary personnel for evaluation. Treatments, if directed, were not recorded as having been
performed. Appropriate and prompt treatment must be initiated and recorded to assure the best outcome for the
animals. Additional preventive measures may also be indicated. Correct: This point forward
An exit briefing was conducted with the facility veterinarian.
Additional Inspectors
Mcfadden Gloria, Veterinary Medical Officer"
84,d6b4c9ca46399434,2.40(b)(2),,1,ATTENDING VETERINARIAN AND ADEQUATE VETERINARY CARE (DEALERS AND EXHIBITORS).,"Eight Primates (50Y,GM2,47A,96C,72X,51S,40T,78U) were noted to have significant hair loss at the time of
inspection. The underlying skin in these areas is pigmented, typical for the species but several also had redness of
the skin. There is no crusting of the skin or obvious signs of scratching and the animals were not observed hair
plucking during inspection. The manager speculated about the causes of this hair loss including: that it was due to
over-grooming for one and likely hormonal for another. She indicated, that in the case of 78U, that the near
complete hair loss had been present for years. Below is a summary of the records reviewed:
78U -The manager stated that the primate had a long history of diarrhea but was not currently receiving any
treatment for the hair loss. Veterinary records indicated that the animal had been evaluated for diarrhea multiple
times but the hairloss was not assessed other than as a Hair Coat Score (HCS) which was Moderate General
alopecia (3) on 6/2/15 and Bald (5) on 10/6/15. There was no documentation at the facility regarding the hair loss
and no record of the veterinarian(cid:25)s recommendations regarding this animals hair loss.
40T - The record showed no workup for hairloss. In the past year, the animal had a wound on the left thigh
(4/28/15), gave birth (5/29/15), and had a Physical Examination (PE) (10/20/15). On the PE, the animal was noted
to be Overweight (4) with Severe Generalized alopecia (4) but no treatment plan was noted for either observation.
51S - The record showed no workup for hairloss. The most recent PE (9/22/15) showed a Body Condition Score
(BCS) of 3.5/5 (despite the facility using a four point scale instead of five as indicated). The HCS was noted as Mild
Patchy alopecia (2) No treatment plan was noted.
72X - The record showed no workup for hairloss. In the past year, the animal had a wound (4/16/15), gave birth
(6/15/15), had a wound treated on the ventral back (7/15/15), and had a PE (10/20/15). On the PE, the animal was
noted to be hypoalbuminemic with Severe Generalized alopecia (4) and diarrhea but no treatment plan was noted
for the decreased albumin or the hairloss. The animal was on observation for diarrhea
50Y, GM2, 47A, 96C Were all noted on their last PE to have a HCS of Mild Patchy alopecia (2) or better despite
having significant hairloss at this inspection.
As indicated by the manager's comments, hair loss in primates can result from multiple causes. Evaluation by a
veterinarian is necessary to determine the most likely cause and develop an appropriate diagnostic and treatment
plan. Failure to address abnormal conditions can result in worsening of the condition and unnecessary suffering.
All licensees must ensure that observations of abnormal conditions are reported to the attending veterinarian in a
timely manner and that appropriate methods are used to prevent, control, diagnose, and treat disease when
identified. Correct by having all animals with hair loss examined by a licensed veterinarian who will develop
recommendations for diagnosis and treatment. Additionally the licensee shall maintain record of this examination,
the veterinarian(cid:25)s recommendations, and any treatments for future evaluation by APHIS Officials upon request.
An exit briefing was conducted with the facility manager."
85,7155f9a330d8b7b0,2.40(b)(2),,1,ATTENDING VETERINARIAN AND ADEQUATE VETERINARY CARE (DEALERS AND EXHIBITORS).,"Eight Primates (50Y,GM2,47A,96C,72X,51S,40T,78U) were noted to have significant hair loss at the time of
inspection 29 October 2015. The underlying skin in these areas was pigmented, typical for the species but several
also had redness of the skin. There was no crusting of the skin or obvious signs of scratching and the animals were
not observed hair plucking during inspection. The manager speculated about the causes of this hair loss including:
that it was due to over-grooming for one and likely hormonal for another. She indicated, that in the case of 78U, that
the near complete hair loss had been present for years. Below is a summary of the records reviewed in October
and January:
78U -The manager stated that the primate had a long history of diarrhea but was not currently receiving any
treatment for the hair loss. Veterinary records indicated that the animal had been evaluated for diarrhea multiple
times but the hairloss was not assessed other than as a Hair Coat Score (HCS) which was Moderate General
alopecia (3) on 6/2/15 and Bald (5) on 10/6/15. This animal was examined 5 November 2015 and had blood drawn
for CBC and blood chemistries. No treatment was outlined pending blood results. The results were recorded 10
November 2015 and indicated hypoalbuminemia with no anemia. The animal was placed on albumin and iron
supplementation with a plan to recheck the blood in 1 to 2 months. There was no documentation at the facility
regarding the hair loss and no record of the veterinarian(cid:25)s recommendations regarding this animals hair loss.
40T - The record showed no workup for hairloss. In the past year, the animal had a wound on the left thigh
(4/28/15), gave birth (5/29/15), and had a Physical Examination (PE) (10/20/15). On the PE, the animal was noted
to be Overweight (4) with Severe Generalized alopecia (4) but no treatment plan was noted for either observation.
No further entries were in the record as of 25 January 2016 (this inspection).
51S - The record showed no workup for hairloss. The most recent PE (9/22/15) showed a Body Condition Score
(BCS) of 3.5/5 (despite the facility using a four point scale instead of five as indicated). The HCS was noted as Mild
Patchy alopecia (2) No treatment plan was noted. No further entries were in the record as of 25 January 2016 (this
inspection).
72X - The record showed no workup for hairloss. In the past year, the animal had a wound (4/16/15), gave birth
(6/15/15), had a wound treated on the ventral back (7/15/15), and had a PE (10/20/15). On the PE, the animal was
noted to be hypoalbuminemic with Severe Generalized alopecia (4) and diarrhea but no treatment plan was noted
for the decreased albumin or the hairloss. The animal was on observation for diarrhea and on 2 November 2015
was found to be dehydrated with a BCS of 5 and a HCS of 4. Blood was drawn for CBC and Serum Chemistries and
the animal was placed on Tylosin and LRS (fluids). The results of testing revealed hypoalbuminemia with anemia
and the animal was positive for Aeromonas. Tylan treatment was continued and the animal was returned to the
colony15 December 2015. No mention of the alopecia diagnosis or treatment plan was made in the record.
None of the four animals detailed on the October 2015 inspection had received a diagnosis or treatment plan
specifically for hairloss as of this inspection (25 January 2015) as noted above. The facility did develop an ""Alopecia
Workup of Non-human Primates"" plan with workup sheet to be used when examining animals with hairloss. The
scoring system was updated and a chart posted in the examination rooms. This plan is in place for all future
examinations.
As indicated by the manager's comments, hair loss in primates can result from multiple causes. Evaluation by a
veterinarian is necessary to determine the most likely cause and develop an appropriate diagnostic and treatment
plan. Failure to address abnormal conditions can result in worsening of the condition and unnecessary suffering.
All licensees must ensure that observations of abnormal conditions are reported to the attending veterinarian in a
timely manner and that appropriate methods are used to prevent, control, diagnose, and treat disease when
identified. Correct by having all animals with hair loss examined by a licensed veterinarian who will develop
recommendations for diagnosis and treatment. Additionally the licensee shall maintain record of this examination,
the veterinarian(cid:25)s recommendations, and any treatments for future evaluation by APHIS Officials upon request.
An exit briefing was conducted with the Director of Research Animal Resources."
86,feb38644f9cc71b9,3.81(c)(2),,0,ENVIRONMENT ENHANCEMENT TO PROMOTE PSYCHOLOGICAL WELL-BEING.,"During the on-site inspection of animal facilities, it appeared that all nonhuman primates were receiving basic
enrichment as directed by the environmental enrichment plan. Animals requiring special attention under this section
were receiving an extra enrichment device each week. The duration of interaction with this enrichment was less
than one day. The success or failure of special attention being provided to these animals was not sufficiently
documented to determine if the special attention was effective, and/or if adjustments were needed to help address
the psychological distress. Correct by assessing and documenting the effectiveness of the special attention being
provided, and implementing modifications to the environmental enrichment provided to these animals as needed
and as approved by the attending veterinarian. To be corrected prior to the next inspection.
An exit briefing was conducted with the attending veterinarian.
Additional Inspectors
Brandes Robert, Veterinary Medical Officer"
87,90109895689cf1b0,3.75(c)(1),Critical,0,"HOUSING FACILITIES, GENERAL.","On January 26, 2016 a young female macaque was found dead in the outdoor portion of her enclosure. This animal
had its head entrapped in a ball which was used for enrichment in the animal's enclosure. The ball was described
by the facility as having a hole chewed into it sufficient to allow the entire head of the animal to become entrapped
with only the mandible of the jaw exposed. This animal died at some time between the PM and AM animal checks.
The necropsy of the animal was not conclusive and the facility determined that the likely cause of death was
prolonged exposure to the cold in combination with the stress of not being able to remove her head from the ball.
At the time of the inspection today the inspectors noted a few badly worn enrichment items. A couple of these
items had holes in them. One enrichment item in particular known as a ""pill"" had a hole in it large enough for a
juvenile macaque to stick its head into. This enrichment item has worn to the point that it is potentially hazardous to
animals in the enclosure in which it is being used. Furniture type fixtures or objects must be sturdily constructed
and strong enough to provide for the safe activity and welfare of the animals in the enclosure. When excessively
worn these items must be removed from the enclosure in order to minimize the risk of head or other limb
entrapment.
Corrected at the time of the inspection.
This inspection and exit interview were conducted with various Johns Hopkins University personnel.
Additional Inspectors
Maginnis Gwendalyn, Veterinary Medical Officer
Cohen Kimberley, Veterinary Medical Officer"
88,9073d48399cb4d7e,3.80(a)(2)(ii),Critical,0,Primary enclosures.,"On June 16th 2021, a rhesus macaque was found dead, entrapped in the cable used to open and close the shift door of
its primary enclosure. According to a facility representative and the facility’s review of the incident, the clasp used to
secure the cable and keep the shift door closed may not have been positioned correctly, creating laxity in the cable. The
animal, while in its enclosure, was able to get caught in the cable resulting in injury. Primary enclosures must be
constructed and maintained so that nonhuman primates are protected from injury.
This item was corrected by the IACUC through a temporary and immediate redesign of the door mechanism and
retraining animal care staff on new husbandry practices. The facility is also in the process of replacing all shift doors with
a new type.
This inspection and exit interview were conducted with facility representatives.
This inspection was conducted from 06/17/2021 to 06/21/2021.
Additional Inspectors:
GLORIA MCFADDEN, VETERINARY MEDICAL OFFICEREnd Section"
89,b5bc530938262e41,2.131(b)(1),Critical,0,Handling of animals.,"On July 30th, 2021 ten rhesus macaques escaped from their primary enclosure and into the hallway of the facility.
According to facility representatives, the animal care staff employee who was cleaning during the incident did not make
sure the latch of the lock was completely secure. The employee was able to return 9 of the rhesus macaques to their
primary enclosure. While returning the macaques to their primary enclosure, one juvenile macaque escaped into an
uncovered floor drain. The baskets that covered the drain was removed at the time for cleaning.
The facility attempted to retrieve the juvenile macaque from the drain, which included digging up the sewer main. The
macaque was dead when it was removed from the drain by facility representatives.
Handling of all animals shall be done as expeditiously and carefully as possible in a manner that does not cause trauma,
physical harm, or unnecessary discomfort.
This was corrected by the facility through installation of permanent grates over all drains to prevent animals from entering.
Other appropriate corrective actions were taken, which included retraining of all employees that work with the primates at
the facility.
This inspection and exit interview were conducted with facility representatives.
Additional Inspectors:
GLORIA MCFADDEN, VETERINARY MEDICAL OFFICER
Lemnique Wafer, Assistant DirectorEnd Section"
90,1d4d29b9547046b8,3.75(a),,0,"Housing facilities, general.","On August 15th, 2023, three animal care staff attempted to move two juvenile rhesus macaques from their primary
enclosure into a catch cage that was positioned in the staff accessible alleyway. According to facility representatives, the
macaques were difficult to shift into the catch cage so the guillotine door was open to allow the primates into the staff
alleyway. While shifting the animals into the alleyway, the two macaques pushed the entry gate creating a 2.5 inch gap.
The gap was large enough for both non-human primates to escape.
The three animal care staff immediately notified the veterinarian in charge that the escape occurred. Upon notification, the
full animal care staff at the facility and veterinarian implemented a plan to capture the macaques. Additional personnel,
including the behaviorist, were called to the facility for support. The plan to recapture the primates included live traps with
fresh produce, walks around the perimeter of the facility and personnel stationed at the facility overnight.
On August 16th, 2023, one primate was caught by facility staff and taken to be examined by the veterinarian in charge.
According to the veterinarian, the macaque was not sick or injured. On the evening of August 17th, 2023, the second
macaque was recovered. According to the veterinarian the macaque was immediately examined. The macaque was not
sick or injured.
Housing facilities for nonhuman primates must be designed and constructed so that they are structurally sound for the
species of nonhuman primates housed in them. They must be kept in good repair, and they must protect the animals from
injury, contain the animals securely, and restrict other animals from entering.
Corrected on August 16, 2023 by repairing the alleyway gate.
This inspection and exit interview were conducted with facility representatives.
Additional Inspectors:
GLORIA MCFADDEN, VETERINARY MEDICAL OFFICER n"
91,9752be39cbe6e373,3.80(a)(2)(ii),Critical,0,Primary enclosures.,"On the morning of February 22, 2024, a pigtail macaque was identified as unresponsive within the outdoor section of the
sheltered enclosure. The animal care staff and clinical veterinarian responded to the unresponsive macaque, but the
animal was already deceased. It was noted by staff that the macaque had gotten its hand stuck in a narrow gap in the
steel floor of the enclosure along the edge of the cage frame. An investigation into the incident was completed by the
ACUC and the facility staff following the incident.
Primary enclosures must be constructed and maintained so that they protect the nonhuman primates from injury.
Corrected before the time of inspection by a corrective action plan and welding steel plates along the perimeter of the
floors in the outdoor sections of the sheltered enclosures.
This inspection and exit interview were conducted with the facility representatives.
This inspection was conducted from 4/25-26/2024
Additional Inspectors:
GLORIA MCFADDEN, VETERINARY MEDICAL OFFICER
Jason Sifkarovski, VETERINARY MEDICAL OFFICER n"
92,d0cd70b58b206ce3,2.31(d)(1)(2),,0,INSTITUTIONAL ANIMAL CARE AND USE COMMITTEE (IACUC).,"The principal investigator did not provide a complete written narrative description of the methods and sources used
to consider alternatives to all procedures that may cause more than momentary or slight pain or distress to the
animals in Protocols SW13M393, SW14M181, and RB14M79. In protocol RB14M79 the method chosen was
""considered to be a classic method"" and no alternatives were discussed despite their existence. The methods must
be clearly shown to be sufficient and identified alternatives must be discussed to assure the IACUC has the
information needed to assure the welfare of the animals. Correct: This point forward
An exit interview was conducted with facility representatives and the IACUC Chair.
Additional Inspectors
Mcfadden Gloria, Veterinary Medical Officer"
93,e8f4ebeeb201d1e7,2.35(t),,0,RECORDKEEPING REQUIREMENTS.,"The minutes of IACUC meetings did not include all activities of the Committee, and Committee deliberations as
required. Specifically, adverse events reported to the IACUC were not outlined and there was no indication that the
members concurred with the proposed corrections. The Training and Compliance staff generally gives a verbal
report to the IACUC. This report is not outlined in the minutes, not formalized and approved, and not available as a
written document to reviewers. Omissions of this type do not assure that the IACUC members are provided the
proper notification and oversight for the members to assess the research facility's animal program, facilities, and
procedures as required. Additionally, failure to include information regarding deliberations of events with significant
animal welfare impacts prevents APHIS Officials from evaluating the facilities response and adherence to the
Animal Welfare Act. Each research facility shall maintain IACUC records that include minutes of meetings, records
of attendance, activities of the Committee, and Committee deliberations. Correct by ensuring that records contain
required information from this point forward."
94,e8f4ebeeb201d1e7,2.38(f)(1),,0,MISCELLANEOUS.,"A rabbit died after being left in its cage which was sent through the autoclave for disinfection prior to regular cage
washing. The autoclave begins with a prolonged vacuum cycle that the facility veterinary staff determined caused
the animal to die by asphyxiation. The animal caretaker had failed to notice that an animal was present in the cage.
The incident was reported immediately and the following corrective actions were taken: The individual responsible
was given a warning, the light levels in the room were increased during cage changes, cages must now be slid out
of the rack when transferring animals, and a second person will now check each cage with a light before placement
in the autoclave. Staff has been trained on the new procedures. The person handling the cage, and therefore the
animal, was in the process of handling. All research facilities must ensure that handling of animals is conducted as
expeditiously and carefully as possible in a manner that does not cause trauma , overheating, excessive cooling,
behavioral stress, physical harm, or unnecessary discomfort. Corrected by facility before this inspection as
indicated above."
95,e8f4ebeeb201d1e7,3.76(b),,0,INDOOR HOUSING FACILITIES.,"A room containing four owl monkeys had a relative humidity reading of 21% on Kestral reading during inspection. A
review of the January 2015 room log indicated that humidity had been below 20% every day of the month to date (3
weeks). A paper posted at the room boldly showed the target humidity to be 40% with a range of 30 to 70%. Indoor
housing facilities as defined in 9CFR section 1.1 must be capable of maintaining humidity levels of 30 to 70%. Due
to the small size of these animals, and their native habitat, a 20% relative humidity is not consistent with a level that
ensures the health and well-being of the animals housed and is not consistent with generally accepted professional
and husbandry practices. Failure to provide appropriate humidity can result in the development of clinical signs
including coughing, dehydration, and nose-bleeds. While the facility is currently monitoring for these signs,
intervention would only be provided after the animal had felt the effects related to low humidity. Indoor housing
facilities for non-human primates must maintain the relative humidity at a level that ensures the health and
well-being of the animals as directed by the attending veterinarian. Additionally, humidity must be maintained at
levels in-keeping with generally accepted professional and husbandry practices. Correct By: 13 February 2015"
96,e8f4ebeeb201d1e7,3.80(a)(2)(2),,0,PRIMARY ENCLOSURES.,"Five of the 34 primary enclosures for macaques at location 13 had perches added to them for enrichment. These
extra perches (each cage had a fixed perch) were hung by four(4) chains. Two(2) chains on one end of the perch
were 7 links long and the two on the other end were 13 links long. Each link was approximately one inch in length.
One of the perches had been flipped over by the primate so that the chains crossed and created four triangular
holes. The triangles on the 13 link side were large enough to accommodate the head of the primate. All four
triangles could accommodate an appendage and might cause entrapment if the perch was flipped again. This
facility had two primate deaths that appeared to be by strangulation in chains and were confirmed as asphyxiation
on necropsy. Both of these deaths were reported to OLAW. The first was closed with them 15 January 2014 and the
second was closed with OLAW 26 September 2014. Based on this experience, the facility took measures to remove
or redesign chain structures in or on primate cages. Long chains were removed or covered in PVC pipe throughout
the facility but the Five(5) perches supported by chains at location 13 were not removed or modified. Primary
enclosures for non-human primates must be constructed and maintained in a manner so that they adequately
protect the animals from injury. While enrichment is important for the behavioral health of primates, chains that can
form loops are known to cause injury to appendages and death by strangulation. Although the facility recognized
the ongoing risk of chains, they failed to identify potentially hazardous chains in all housing areas for NHPs. The
facility removed all identified potentially hazardous chain devices at the time of inspection. Additionally the facility
must ensure that all primary enclosures are maintained in a manner to prevent injury to the animals from this point
forward.
An exit interview was conducted with facility representatives and the IACUC Chair.
Additional Inspectors
Mcfadden Gloria, Veterinary Medical Officer"
97,ca7c477cc227e39e,2.32(c)(1),,0,PERSONNEL QUALIFICATIONS.,"Two baboon enclosures had loops of water lines entering the cage from the top at the time of inspection. The
waterlines were attached to the source and to the cage at the water nipple. This created a loop of water line
sufficiently large for the animals to put a head through and possibly cause strangulation. Facility personnel
immediately removed the water lines from the enclosure when they were pointed out by USDA personnel and the
animal staff was instructed to assure the cages were pulled away from the water line origin to prevent the lines from
being reintroduced to the cages. Two more Baboons had enrichment devices attached to the front of their
enclosures by a rope that was sufficiently long that it could be pulled into the enclosure (but not the enrichment
device). This would create a loop of rope sufficiently large that a head or limb could be passed through and become
entrapped. Personnel must ensure that the enclosures in which animals are placed do not contribute to these risks.
Correct by ensuring that personnel are properly trained to handle animals and equipment in a manner that takes
into account the special capabilities and behaviors of the animals.
Two racks of rabbit enclosures, containing six rabbits each, had water nipples that did not fully reach into the
cage. The animal care staff had not noticed that the nipples did not break the plane of the back of the cage where
they were supposed to come into the cage through a hole approximately one and a half inches in diameter. The
staff had provided water bottles to two of the animals as an addition to the nipples. Having the nipple essentially
recessed into a small hole makes it difficult for the animal to easily access fresh water and could cause stress in the
animal and possibly lead to dehydration. Correct by ensuring that personnel are properly trained to monitor that the
basic needs of each animal are easily accessible.
One cat, that had recently had surgery, was noted to be in an enclosure that contained an Elizabethan collar.
The collar was not on the animal even though the surgical record said an E-collar would be used and did not have
any end date for the wear of the device. The collar is used to prevent self-injurious behavior and, if not on, may lead
to animal injury. Correct by ensuring personnel are properly trained to assure post-procedural care is provided and
documented as directed.
Immediate post-procedural care was outlined in the protocols for two animals but there was no documentation of
these procedures being performed by the investigative staff. An anesthesia record was present but did not indicate
any animal information past the discontinuation of anesthesia or for the remainder of the procedure day. Animal
number 23161 had no immediate post-procedural record and animal number 444 also had no immediate
post-procedural record and facility personnel stated that the procedure may go as late as 8 PM at which point the
animal would be returned to its enclosure. Failure to complete proper post-procedural care could lead to animals
experiencing unnecessary pain or distress and, often, the only way to monitor that the investigators are following the
standards approved by the IACUC is by records review. Correct by ensuring personnel are properly trained and
document their compliance with established post-procedural care.
All of the noted items above, except post-procedural care were addressed by the facility when identified by
USDA personnel. Correct against the future occurrence of these items by ensuring training and instruction of all
personnel in humane methods of animal maintenance and experimentation. The training must include: The basic
needs of each species of animal; Proper handling and care for the various species of animals used by the facility;
Proper pre-procedural and post- procedural care of animals; and Aseptic surgical methods and procedures.
To be corrected by 26 August 2016"
98,ca7c477cc227e39e,2.33(b)(2),,0,ATTENDING VETERINARIAN AND ADEQUATE VETERINARY CARE.,"The IACUC identified seventeen instances of expired medications during their last semi-annual site visit (the
number one deficiency identified). Only three of those medications were related to USDA covered species. While
none of these medications were found during this inspection, another four bottles of expired medication were found
in animal facilities remote from the central pharmacy. Expired medications are considered adulterated and are not
considered an appropriate method to prevent or treat diseases or injuries. If used on animals, expired medications
could fail to work as intended and possibly cause unexpected or adverse reactions. Correct by assuring there is a
set procedure for the identification and disposal of expired medications in areas outside of the central pharmacy.
To be corrected by: 1 August 2016"
99,ca7c477cc227e39e,3.81(c)(2),,0,ENVIRONMENT ENHANCEMENT TO PROMOTE PSYCHOLOGICAL WELL-BEING.,"Three primates were singly housed in adjacent cages in a narrow room at the time of inspection. The room had an
empty cage that was visible from the other three cages but none of the primates could see another. The facility
primate enrichment plan included four criteria for enrichment of this species. One of the four criteria was social
housing that includes visual contact with others. This criteria was not met for these primates and individually housed
nonhuman primates that are unable to see nonhuman primates of their own or compatible species require special
attention. Inadequate social enrichment to primates can lead to behavioral problems that may manifest in abnormal
and injurious behavior. Correct by assuring all primates receive at least the full enrichment outlined in the facility(cid:25)s
approved enrichment plan and that certain nonhuman primates are provided special attention regarding
enhancement of their environment, based on the needs of the individual species and in accordance with the
instructions of the attending veterinarian.
Another room contained nine primates in individual enclosures. Four enclosures had a foraging ball and three
had fleece tubes but one enclosure containing a primate (98007) with notable hairloss had neither of these
enhanced enrichment devices. The four animals with enhanced enrichment had no documentation that they were
receiving the enrichment or were using it effectively. The behavior specialist does keep record of each primate and
a periodic review of their conditions but this record alone does not demonstrate whether enrichment is being
provided in an effective manner. Correct by assuring that those nonhuman primates that show signs of being in
psychological distress, through behavior or appearance, are provided special attention as required.
During two days of on-site inspection of animal facilities, it appeared that all primates, except the three above,
were receiving basic enrichment as directed by the enrichment plan. The animals determined to need special
attention did not appear to be getting enough extra enrichment from the foraging balls and suet feeders used as
extra enrichment. Some animals did have foraging devices attached to the enclosure but in two days of inspection,
only one device was found to contain enrichment. The facility had a room dedicated to, and stocked with,
enrichment but the use of this enrichment was not evident or sufficiently documented to reasonably conclude that
the primates were benefitting from it. Facility personnel and the (cid:28)""Monkey Helper""(cid:29) form in the enrichment logs
indicated that the primates determined to need special consideration received extra enrichment once each week.
Since the enrichment was labor-intensive to set up and to clean up, it is apparent that more personnel would be
needed to increase the provision of extra enrichment. Correct by having the IACUC review the environmental
enhancement plan regarding special attention primates, based on the needs of the individual species in consultation
with the behaviorist and in accordance with the instructions of the attending veterinarian.
Correct by 26 August 2016"
100,ca7c477cc227e39e,3.128,,0,SPACE REQUIREMENTS.,"During the inspection a room containing bats in 1 cubic foot butterfly transports was noted. The number of bats in
each enclosure ranged from one to five. The bats were quietly hanging in their enclosures at the time of inspection
and appeared to be normal. The protocol covering these bats did not describe the housing for the animals and
specifically did not address these 1 cubic foot enclosures as primary housing. At least two of the animals in these
enclosures had been housed that manner for up to 23 hours a day since September of 2015 according to facility
records and personal statements. To meet the requirement for sufficient space for normal social and postural
adjustments with adequate freedom of movement, Subpart F species that fly (i.e., bats) should be provided with
sufficient unobstructed enclosure volume to enable movement by flying and sufficient roosting space to allow all
individuals to rest simultaneously unless justified for scientific reasons in the protocol. Correct by: 18 July 2016
An exit briefing was conducted with David Oelberg DVM, Robert Brandes DVM, The IACUC Chair and facility
personnel.
Additional Inspectors
Brandes Robert, Veterinary Medical Officer"