citation_inspection: 99

Three primates were singly housed in adjacent cages in a narrow room at the time of inspection. The room had an empty cage that was visible from the other three cages but none of the primates could see another. The facility primate enrichment plan included four criteria for enrichment of this species. One of the four criteria was social housing that includes visual contact with others. This criteria was not met for these primates and individually housed nonhuman primates that are unable to see nonhuman primates of their own or compatible species require special attention. Inadequate social enrichment to primates can lead to behavioral problems that may manifest in abnormal and injurious behavior. Correct by assuring all primates receive at least the full enrichment outlined in the facility(cid:25)s approved enrichment plan and that certain nonhuman primates are provided special attention regarding enhancement of their environment, based on the needs of the individual species and in accordance with the instructions of the attending veterinarian. Another room contained nine primates in individual enclosures. Four enclosures had a foraging ball and three had fleece tubes but one enclosure containing a primate (98007) with notable hairloss had neither of these enhanced enrichment devices. The four animals with enhanced enrichment had no documentation that they were receiving the enrichment or were using it effectively. The behavior specialist does keep record of each primate and a periodic review of their conditions but this record alone does not demonstrate whether enrichment is being provided in an effective manner. Correct by assuring that those nonhuman primates that show signs of being in psychological distress, through behavior or appearance, are provided special attention as required. During two days of on-site inspection of animal facilities, it appeared that all primates, except the three above, were receiving basic enrichment as directed by the enrichment plan. The animals determined to need special attention did not appear to be getting enough extra enrichment from the foraging balls and suet feeders used as extra enrichment. Some animals did have foraging devices attached to the enclosure but in two days of inspection, only one device was found to contain enrichment. The facility had a room dedicated to, and stocked with, enrichment but the use of this enrichment was not evident or sufficiently documented to reasonably conclude that the primates were benefitting from it. Facility personnel and the (cid:28)"Monkey Helper"(cid:29) form in the enrichment logs indicated that the primates determined to need special consideration received extra enrichment once each week. Since the enrichment was labor-intensive to set up and to clean up, it is apparent that more personnel would be needed to increase the provision of extra enrichment. Correct by having the IACUC review the environmental enhancement plan regarding special attention primates, based on the needs of the individual species in consultation with the behaviorist and in accordance with the instructions of the attending veterinarian. Correct by 26 August 2016